$J/\psi$ Production in Polarized and Unpolarized $ep$ Collision and Sivers and $\cos 2\varphi$ Asymmetries

Abstract

We calculate the Sivers and $\cos 2\varphi$ azimuthal asymmetries in $J/\psi$ production in polarized and unpolarized semi-inclusive $ep$ collision respectively, using the formalism based on transverse momentum dependent parton distributions (TMDs). Non-relativistic QCD based color octet model is employed for calculating the $J/\psi$ production rate. The Sivers asymmetry in this process directly probes the gluon Sivers function. The estimated Sivers asymmetry at $z=1$ is negative which is in good agreement with COMPASS data. We also investigate the effect of TMD evolution on the Sivers asymmetry. The $\cos 2\varphi$ asymmetry is sizable and probes the linearly polarized gluon distribution in an unpolarized proton.

29 pages, 11 figures. Details of calculation added

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• New Observables in Inclusive Production of Quarkonia
• Transverse-momentum-dependent gluon distribution functions in a spectator model
• Azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive $J/\psi +\mathrm{jet}$ production at an EIC
• Proper TMD factorization for quarkonia production: $pp\to {\eta }_{c,b}$ as a study case
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• Studies of gluon TMDs and their evolution using quarkonium-pair production at the LHC
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• Transverse momentum dependent shape function for $J/\psi$ production in SIDIS
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• Process dependence of the gluon Sivers function in $p^{\uparrow }p\to J/\psi +X$ within a TMD approach in NRQCD
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• Sub-femtometer scale color charge correlations in the proton
• Extracting color octet NRQCD matrix elements from $J/\psi$ production at the EIC
• QCD evolution of the gluon Sivers function in heavy flavor dijet production at the Electron-Ion Collider
• $\cos 2{\varphi }_t$ azimuthal asymmetry in back-to-back $J/\psi$-jet production in $ep\to eJ/\psi JetX$ at the EIC
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• Polarized $J/\psi$ production in semi-inclusive DIS at large $Q^2$: Comparing quark fragmentation and photon-gluon fusion
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• Probing the Sivers asymmetries through $J/\psi$ photoproduction in ${\mathrm{p}}^{\uparrow }\mathrm{p}$ collision with forward proton tagging
• Reformulation of the twist-3 gluon Sivers effect toward the application to the heavy quarkonium production
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