On the origin of the HLX-1 outbursts

Abstract

HLX-1, currently the best intermediate-mass black hole candidate, has undergone seven violent outbursts, each with a peak X-ray luminosity of $L_{\mathrm{peak},\mathrm{X}}\sim 10^{42}\mathrm{erg}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$. Interestingly, the properties of the HLX-1 outbursts evolve with time. In this work, we aim to constrain the physical parameters of the central engine of the HLX-1 outbursts in the framework of the black hole accretion. We find that the physical properties of the HLX-1 outbursts are consistent with being driven by the radiation pressure instability. This scenario can explain the evolution of the recurrent timescales of the HLX-1 outbursts as a function of the durations.

arXiv comment4 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters

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• A decades-long fast-rise-exponential-decay flare in low-luminosity AGN NGC 7213
• Thick-disc model to explain the spectral state transition in NGC 247
• Recurrent outbursts revealed in 3XMM J031820.8-663034