Maximum efficiency of the collisional Penrose process

Abstract

We consider collision of two particles that move in the equatorial plane near a general stationary rotating axially symmetric extremal black hole. One of particles is critical (with fine-tuned parameters) and moves in the outward direction. The second particle (usual, not fine-tuned) comes from infinity. We examine the efficiency $\eta$ of the collisional Penrose process. There are two relevant cases here: (i) a particle falling into a black hole after collision is heavy, (ii) it has a finite mass. We show that the maximum of $\eta$ in case (ii) is less or equal to that in case (i). It is argued that for superheavy particles, the bound applies to nonequatorial motion as well. As an example, we analyze collision in the Kerr-Newman background. When the bound is the same for processes (i) and (ii), $\eta =3$ for this metric. For the Kerr black hole, recent results in literature are reproduced.

18 pages. Typos corrected. Title somewhat modified according to suggestions of editors of PRD

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• Fifty years of energy extraction from rotating black hole: revisiting magnetic Penrose process
• The Collisional Penrose Process
• Center of mass energy of colliding electrically neutral particles and super-Penrose process
• Maximal Efficiency of Collisional Penrose Process with Spinning Particles
• Maximal Efficiency of Collisional Penrose Process with Spinning Particle II
• Penrose process for a charged black hole in a uniform magnetic field
• Extraction of energy from an extremal rotating electrovacuum black hole: Particle collisions along the axis of symmetry
• Extraction of energy from an extremal rotating electrovacuum black hole: Particle collisions in the equatorial plane
• Collisional Penrose process of BTZ black holes
• Is there a trade-off relation between efficiency and power in a collisional Penrose process in an extreme Reissner-Nordström spacetime?
• Can a nonextremal black hole be a particle accelerator?