Fragmented Superradiance of a Bose-Einstein Condensate in an Optical Cavity

Abstract

The Dicke model and the superradiance of two-level systems in a radiation field have many applications. Recently, a Dicke quantum phase transition has been realized with a Bose-Einstein condensate in a cavity. We numerically solve the many-body Schrödinger equation and study correlations in the ground state of interacting bosons in a cavity as a function of the strength of a driving laser. Beyond a critical strength, the bosons occupy multiple modes macroscopically while remaining superradiant. This fragmented superradiance can be detected by analyzing the variance of single-shot measurements.

4 pages, 4 figures; 11 pages of Supplementary Information including 2 figures. Software available at http://ultracold.org

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