Quantum probabilities from quantum entanglement: Experimentally unpacking the Born rule

Abstract

The Born rule, a foundational axiom used to deduce probabilities of events from wavefunctions, is indispensable in the everyday practice of quantum physics. It is also key in the quest to reconcile the ostensibly inconsistent laws of the quantum and classical realms, as it confers physical significance to reduced density matrices, the essential tools of decoherence theory. Following Bohr's Copenhagen interpretation, textbooks postulate the Born rule outright. However, recent attempts to derive it from other quantum principles have been successful, holding promise for simplifying and clarifying the quantum foundational bedrock. A major family of derivations is based on envariance, a recently discovered symmetry of entangled quantum states. Here, we identify and experimentally test three premises central to these envariance-based derivations, thus demonstrating, in the microworld, the symmetries from which the Born rule is derived. Further, we demonstrate envariance in a purely local quantum system, showing its independence from relativistic causality.

21 pages, 6 figures, 6 appendices - Submitted!

References in corpus (6)

• Optical spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion in inhomogeneous anisotropic media
• Spin-orbit hybrid entanglement of photons and quantum contextuality
• Quantum Darwinism, Classical Reality, and the Randomness of Quantum Jumps
• On Zurek's derivation of the Born rule
• Entanglement Symmetry, Amplitudes, and Probabilities: Inverting Born's Rule
• Many Worlds, the Born Rule, and Self-Locating Uncertainty

Cited by in corpus (9)

• Quantum Theory of the Classical: Einselection, Envariance, Quantum Darwinism and Extantons
• Quantum Theory of the Classical: Quantum Jumps, Born's Rule, and Objective Classical Reality via Quantum Darwinism
• Demonstration of entanglement assisted invariance on IBM's Quantum Experience
• Experimental investigation of enviroment--induced entanglement using an all--optical setup
• Eliminating Ensembles from Equilibrium Statistical Physics: Maxwell's Demon, Szilard's Engine, and Thermodynamics via Entanglement
• Geometrical picture of photocounting measurements
• Photocounting measurements with dead time and afterpulses in the continuous-wave regime
• No-go theorem for environment-assisted invariance in non-unitary dynamics
• Environment-Assisted Shortcuts to Adiabaticity