Sub-Doppler cooling of sodium atoms in gray molasses

Abstract

We report on the realization of sub-Doppler laser cooling of sodium atoms in gray molasses using the D1 optical transition ($3s{}^2{S}_{1/2}\to 3p{}^2{P}_{1/2}$) at 589.8 nm. The technique is applied to samples containing $3\times 10^9$ atoms, previously cooled to 350 $\mu$K in a magneto-optical trap, and it leads to temperatures as low as 9 $\mu$K and phase-space densities in the range of $10^{-4}$. The capture efficiency of the gray molasses is larger than 2/3, and we observe no density-dependent heating for densities up to $10^{11}$ cm${}^{-3}$.

arXiv comment6 pages, 4 figures

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Cited by in corpus (22)

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• Observation of magnetic solitons in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates
• $\Lambda$-enhanced grey molasses on the $D_2$ transition of Rubidium-87 atoms
• Motional Ground State Cooling Outside the Lamb-Dicke Regime
• A steady-state magneto-optical trap with 100 fold improved phase-space density
• Design and characterisation of a compact magnetic shield for ultracold atomic gas experiments
• Production of large ${}^{41}$K Bose-Einstein condensates using D1 gray molasses
• D1 magic wavelength tweezers for scaling atom arrays
• Manipulation of an elongated internal Josephson junction of bosonic atoms
• Raman Gray Molasses Cooling of Cesium Atoms on the D2 Line
• A compact experimental machine for studying tunable Bose-Bose superfluid mixtures
• Production of large Bose-Einstein condensates in a magnetic-shield-compatible hybrid trap
• Sub-Doppler laser cooling of 23Na in gray molasses on the D2 line
• Comparison of an efficient implementation of gray molasses to narrow-line cooling for the all-optical production of a lithium quantum gas
• $\Lambda$-enhanced gray molasses in a tetrahedral laser beam geometry
• Rapid production of large ${}^7$Li Bose-Einstein condensates using $D_1$ gray molasses
• Bidirectional, Analog Current Source Benchmarked with Gray Molasses-Assisted Stray Magnetic Field Compensation
• Cooling All External Degrees of Freedom of Optically Trapped Chromium Atoms Using Gray Molasses
• Efficient production of sodium Bose-Einstein condensates in a hybrid trap
• $\Lambda$-Enhanced Gray Molasses Cooling of ${}^{85}$Rb Atoms in Tweezers Using the D${}_2$ Line