Exploring the Beam Energy Dependence of Flow-Like Signatures in Small System $d+$Au Collisions

Abstract

Recent analyses of small collision systems, namely $p+p$ and $p+$Pb at the LHC and $p+$Au, $d+$Au and ${}^3$He+Au at RHIC, have revealed azimuthal momentum anisotropies commonly associated with collective flow in larger systems. Viscous hydrodynamics and parton cascade calculations have proved successful at describing some flow-like observables in these systems. These two classes of calculations also confirm these observables to be directly related to the initial geometry of the created medium. However, the question of whether equilibrium dynamics is the dominant driver of the signal remains open, given the short lifetime of small systems. In this regime, pre-equilibrium dynamics and late stage hadronic interactions are expected to play a significant role. Hence, a beam energy scan of small systems---that amounts to varying the initial temperature and the lifetime of the medium---can provide valuable information to shed light on these issues. In this paper, we present predictions from viscous hydrodynamics (SONIC), partonic (AMPT) and hadronic (UrQMD) cascade calculations for elliptic $v_2$ and triangular $v_3$ anisotropy coefficients in $d$+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7, 20, 39, 62.4 and 200 GeV, corresponding to the expected running at RHIC in 2016. We also present predictions for $d$+Pb at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV, an interesting system to compare to existing $p+$Pb data taken at the LHC.

Added new figure comparing cumulant and event-plane methods

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Cited by in corpus (17)

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• Experimental overview on small collision systems at the LHC
• Initial state fluctuations in collisions between light and heavy ions
• Measurements of multiparticle correlations in $d$$+$Au collisions at 200, 62.4, 39, and 19.6 GeV and $p$$+$Au collisions at 200 GeV and implications for collective behavior
• Relativistic Fluid Dynamics In and Out of Equilibrium -- Ten Years of Progress in Theory and Numerical Simulations of Nuclear Collisions
• Unified description of hadron yield ratios from dynamical core-corona initialization
• Exploring New Small System Geometries in Heavy Ion Collisions
• Measurements of azimuthal anisotropy and charged-particle multiplicity in $d$$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}=$200, 62.4, 39, and 19.6 GeV
• Measurements of mass-dependent azimuthal anisotropy in central $p$$+$Au, $d$$+$Au, and ${}^3$He$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}=200$ GeV
• Are minimal conditions for collectivity met in e+e- collisions?
• Exploring Origins for Correlations between Flow Harmonics and Transverse Momentum in Small Collision Systems (Unambiguous Ambiguity)
• Collective flow and hydrodynamics in large and small systems at the LHC
• Effect of an anisotropic escape mechanism on elliptic flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• System size dependence of baryon-strangeness correlations in relativistic heavy ion collisions from a multiphase transport model
• PHENIX Overview
• Heavy quark flow as better probes of QGP properties
• Extended applicability domain of viscous anisotropic hydrodynamics in (2+1)-D Bjorken flow with transverse expansion