Mechanically mediated microwave frequency conversion in the quantum regime

Abstract

We report the observation of efficient and low-noise frequency conversion between two microwave modes, mediated by the motion of a mechanical resonator subjected to radiation pressure. We achieve coherent conversion of more than $10^{12}photons/s$ with a $95\%$ efficiency and a $14\mathrm{kHz}$ bandwidth. With less than $10^{-1}\mathrm{photons}\cdot {\mathrm{s}}^{-1}\cdot \mathrm{H}{\mathrm{z}}^{-1}$ of added noise, this optomechanical frequency converter is suitable for quantum state transduction. We show the ability to operate this converter as a tunable beam splitter, with direct applications for photon routing and communication through complex quantum networks.

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