Measurements of the Ground-State Polarizabilities of Cs, Rb, and K using Atom Interferometry

Abstract

We measured the ground-state static electric-dipole polarizabilities of Cs, Rb, and K atoms using a three-nanograting Mach-Zehnder atom beam interferometer. Our measurements provide benchmark tests for atomic structure calculations and thus test the underlying theory used to interpret atomic parity non-conservation experiments. We measured ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{Cs}}=4\pi {\epsilon }_0\times 59.45(11){\mathring{A}}^3$, ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{Rb}}=4\pi {\epsilon }_0\times 47.44(9){\mathring{A}}^3$, and ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{K}}=4\pi {\epsilon }_0\times 42.97(8){\mathring{A}}^3$. In atomic units, these measurements are ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{Cs}}=401.2(7)$, ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{Rb}}=320.1(6)$, and ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{K}}=290.0(5)$. We report ratios of polarizabilities ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{Cs}}/{\alpha }_{\mathrm{Rb}}=1.2532(10)$, ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{Cs}}/{\alpha }_{\mathrm{K}}=1.3835(9)$, and ${\alpha }_{\mathrm{Rb}}/{\alpha }_{\mathrm{K}}=1.1040(9)$ with smaller fractional uncertainty because the systematic errors for individual measurements are largely correlated. Since Cs atom beams have short de Broglie wavelengths, we developed measurement methods that do not require resolved atom diffraction. Specifically, we used phase choppers to measure atomic beam velocity distributions, and we used electric field gradients to give the atom interference pattern a phase shift that depends on atomic polarizability.

15 pages, 9 figures, 8 tables

References in corpus (5)

• Atom Interferometers
• Polarizability measurements in a molecule near-field interferometer
• Atom Interferometer Gyroscope with Spin-Dependent Phase Shifts Induced by Light near a Tune-Out Wavelength
• Precision lifetime measurement of the cesium $6P_{3/2}$ level using ultrafast pump-probe laser pulses
• Dispersion compensation in atom interferometry by a Sagnac phase

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