Universal post-quench coarsening and quantum aging at a quantum critical point

Abstract

The non-equilibrium dynamics of a system that is located in the vicinity of a quantum critical point is affected by the critical slowing down of order-parameter correlations with the potential for novel out-of-equilibrium universality. After a quantum quench, i.e. a sudden change of a parameter in the Hamiltonian such a system is expected to almost instantly fall out of equilibrium and undergo aging dynamics, i.e. dynamics that depends on the time passed since the quench. Investigating the quantum dynamics of a $N$-component ${\phi }^4$-model coupled to an external bath, we determine this universal aging and demonstrate that the system undergoes a coarsening, governed by a critical exponent that is unrelated to the equilibrium exponents of the system. We analyze this behavior in the large-$N$ limit, which is complementary to our earlier renormalization group analysis, allowing in particular the direct investigation of the order-parameter dynamics in the symmetry broken phase and at the upper critical dimension. By connecting the long time limit of fluctuations and response, we introduce a distribution function that shows that the system remains non-thermal and exhibits quantum coherence even on long timescales.

25 pages, 6 figures

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Cited by in corpus (30)

• Keldysh Field Theory for Driven Open Quantum Systems
• Aging and coarsening in isolated quantum systems after a quench: exact results for the quantum $O(N)$ model with $N\to \infty$
• Dynamical crossovers in prethermal critical states
• Quantum dynamical field theory for non-equilibrium phase transitions in driven open systems
• Quantum coarsening and collective dynamics on a programmable simulator
• Self-similar dynamics of order parameter fluctuations in pump-probe experiments
• Short-time universal scaling and light-cone dynamics after a quench in an isolated quantum system in $d$ spatial dimensions
• Universal short-time dynamics: boundary functional renormalization group for a temperature quench
• Far-from-equilibrium universality in the two-dimensional Heisenberg model
• Universal Early Coarsening of Quenched Bose Gases
• Critical properties of the prethermal Floquet Time Crystal
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• Dynamical off-equilibrium scaling across magnetic first-order phase transitions
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• Limitations of the Markovian approximation in the harmonic oscillator
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