Temporal evolution of multiple evaporating ribbon sources in a solar flare

Abstract

We present new results from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph showing the dynamic evolution of chromospheric evaporation and condensation in a flare ribbon, with the highest temporal and spatial resolution to date. IRIS observed the entire impulsive phase of the X-class flare SOL2014-09-10T17:45 using a 9.4 second cadence `sit-and-stare' mode. As the ribbon brightened successively at new positions along the slit, a unique impulsive phase evolution was observed for many tens of individual pixels in both coronal and chromospheric lines. Each activation of a new footpoint displays the same initial coronal up-flows of up to ~300 km/s, and chromospheric downflows up to 40 km/s. Although the coronal flows can be delayed by over 1 minute with respect to those in the chromosphere, the temporal evolution of flows is strikingly similar between all pixels, and consistent with predictions from hydrodynamic flare models. Given the large sample of independent footpoints, we conclude that each flaring pixel can be considered a prototypical, `elementary' flare kernel.

Accepted for publication - ApJ letters

References in corpus (12)

• The Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor
• Radiative Hydrodynamic Models of the Optical and Ultraviolet Emission from Solar Flares
• The formation of IRIS diagnostics II. The formation of the Mg II h&k lines in the solar atmosphere
• Velocity Characteristics of Evaporated Plasma Using Hinode/EIS
• RHESSI and SOHO/CDS Observations of Explosive Chromospheric Evaporation
• Imaging and spectroscopic observations of magnetic reconnection and chromospheric evaporation in a solar flare
• The Formation of IRIS diagnostics. IV. The Mg II triplet lines as a new diagnostic for lower chromospheric heating
• Quasi-periodic Slipping Magnetic Reconnection During an X-class Solar Flare Observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory and Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph
• The 2014 March 29 X-flare: sub-arcsecond resolution observations of Fe XXI 1354.1
• A simple model of chromospheric evaporation and condensation driven conductively in a solar flare
• Properties of chromospheric evaporation and plasma dynamics of a solar flare from IRIS observations
• Impulsive Heating of Solar Flare Ribbons Above 10 MK

Cited by in corpus (80)

• A Database of Flare Ribbon Properties From Solar Dynamics Observatory I: Reconnection Flux
• Temporal evolution of chromospheric evaporation: case studies of the M1.1 flare on 2014 September 6 and X1.6 flare on 2014 September 10
• Slipping Magnetic Reconnection, Chromospheric Evaporation, Implosion, and Precursors in the 2014 September 10 X1.6-Class Solar Flare
• Critical Science Plan for the Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST)
• Drifting of the line-tied footpoints of CME flux-ropes
• The Atmospheric Response to High Nonthermal Electron Beam Fluxes in Solar Flares I: Modeling the Brightest NUV Footpoints in the X1 Solar Flare of 2014 March 29
• Halpha line profile asymmetries and the chromospheric flare velocity field
• Simulations of the Mg II k and Ca II 8542 lines from an Alfvén Wave-heated flare chromosphere
• Simultaneous IRIS and Hinode/EIS observations and modelling of the 27 October 2014 X 2.0 class flare
• Spectral signatures of chromospheric condensation in a major solar flare
• Explosive Chromospheric Evaporation in a Circular-ribbon Flare
• M Dwarf Flare Continuum Variations on One-Second Timescales: Calibrating and Modeling of ULTRACAM Flare Color Indices
• Chromospheric Condensation and Quasi-periodic Pulsations in a Circular-ribbon Flare
• Chromospheric Evaporation in an X1.0 Flare on 2014 March 29 Observed with IRIS and EIS
• Si IV Resonance Line Emission During Solar Flares: Non-LTE, Non-equilibrium, Radiation Transfer Simulations
• 3D magnetic reconnection and its application to solar flares
• The Near-Ultraviolet Continuum Radiation in the Impulsive Phase of HF/GF-Type dMe Flares I: Data
• Chromospheric condensations and magnetic field in a C3.6-class flare studied via He I D3 spectro-polarimetry
• The spectral content of SDO/AIA 1600 and 1700 Å filters from flare and plage observations
• Probing the Physics of the Solar Atmosphere with the Multi-slit Solar Explorer (MUSE): II. Flares and Eruptions
• Extreme Ultra-Violet Spectroscopy of the Lower Solar Atmosphere During Solar Flares
• Blue wing enhancement of the chromospheric Mg II h and k lines in a solar flare
• Multi-episode chromospheric evaporation observed in a solar flare
• Observational Evidences of Electron-driven Evaporation in two Solar Flares
• How important are electron beams in driving chromospheric evaporation in the 2014 March 29 flare?
• A parameter study for modeling MgII h and k emission during solar flares
• Transition Region and Chromospheric Signatures of Impulsive Heating Events. I. Observations
• Detection of Flare-induced Plasma Flows in the Corona of EV Lac with X-ray Spectroscopy
• Parameterizations of Chromospheric Condensations in dG and dMe Model Flare Atmospheres
• Modeling Mg II h, k and Triplet Lines at Solar Flare Ribbons
• APO & SMARTS flare star campaign observations I. Blue wing asymmetries in chromospheric lines during mid M dwarf flares from simultaneous spectroscopic and photometric observation data
• IRIS, Hinode, SDO, and RHESSI observations of a white light flare produced directly by non-thermal electrons
• Different Signatures of Chromospheric Evaporation in Two Solar Flares Observed with IRIS
• Radiation hydrodynamics in simulations of the solar atmosphere
• Solar Flare Arcade Modelling: Bridging the gap from 1D to 3D Simulations of Optically Thin Radiation
• Two-Phase Heating in Flaring Loops
• Spectroscopic Observations of Magnetic Reconnection and Chromospheric Evaporation in an X-shaped Solar Flare
• Modelling Mg II During Solar Flares. I. Partial Frequency Redistribution, Opacity, and Coronal Irradiation
• The Duration of Energy Deposition on Unresolved Flaring Loops in the Solar Corona
• IRIS Si IV Line Profiles at Flare Ribbons as Indications of Chromospheric Condensation
• Solar Flare Ribbon Fronts I: Constraining flare energy deposition with IRIS spectroscopy
• Correlated Spatiotemporal Evolution of Extreme-Ultraviolet Ribbons and Hard X-rays in a Solar Flare
• The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: Wing asymmetries of H$\alpha$, Na I D, and He I lines
• Efficient Calculation of Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium Effects in Multithreaded Hydrodynamic Simulations of Solar Flares
• RADYNVERSION: Learning to Invert a Solar Flare Atmosphere with Invertible Neural Networks
• Modeling Mg II during Solar Flares. II. Non-equilibrium Effects
• The Neupert Effect of Flare UltraViolet and Soft X-ray Emissions
• Probing Current Sheet Instabilities from Flare Ribbon Dynamics
• Electric current evolution at the footpoints of solar eruptions
• Connecting Chromospheric Condensation Signatures to Reconnection Driven Heating Rates in an Observed Flare
• Energy partition in two M-class circular-ribbon flares
• Relationship between chromospheric evaporation and magnetic field topology in M-class solar flare
• Observations of solar flares with IRIS and SDO
• Spectral diagnostics of cool flare loops observed by SST: I. Inversion of the Ca II 8542 Å and H$\beta$ lines
• High resolution near-infrared spectroscopy of a flare around the ultracool dwarf vB 10
• Exploring mutual information between IRIS spectral lines. II. Calculating the most probable response in all spectral windows
• Statistical Study of Chromospheric Evaporation in Impulsive Phase of Solar Flares
• Flaring-associated Complex Dynamics in Two M-dwarfs Revealed by Fast, Time-resolved Spectroscopy
• Spectroscopic Diagnostics of Solar Magnetic Flux Ropes Using Iron Forbidden Line
• Simultaneous Observations of Chromospheric Evaporation and Condensation during a C-class Flare
• Alfvén Waves in Solar Flares
• Spectroscopic Observations of High-speed Downflows in a C1.7 Solar Flare
• Continuum enhancements, line profiles and magnetic field evolution during consecutive flares
• Call and Response: A Time-Resolved Study of Chromospheric Evaporation in a Large Solar Flare
• A Seven-Day Multi-Wavelength Flare Campaign on AU Mic III: Quiescent and Flaring Properties of the X-ray Spectra and Chromospheric lines
• Scaling Theory of 3D Magnetic Reconnection Spreading
• White-Light Continuum in Stellar Flares
• Penumbral brightening events observed in AR NOAA 12546
• Implications for additional plasma heating driving the extreme-ultraviolet late phase of a solar flare with microwave imaging spectroscopy
• The Transition Region of Solar Flare Loops
• Three-Dimensional Magnetic Reconnection Spreading in Current Sheets of Non-Uniform Thickness
• A new view of the solar interface region from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS)
• Dual Origins of Rapid Flare Ribbon Downflows in an X9-class Solar Flare
• Observational Evidence Linking Loop Length and Thermal-Nonthermal Peak Timing in Solar Flares
• Hard X-rays from the deep solar atmosphere. An unusual UV burst with flare properties
• Specialist Discussion Meeting: 3D structure of the flare chromosphere
• IAU commission 10 "Solar Activity": Legacy report and triennial report for 2012-2015
• Infrared spectropolarimetry of a C-class solar flare footpoint plasma -- I. Spectral features and forward modelling
• Quasiperiodic Slipping Motion of Flare Ribbon Fine Structures Anchored in a Sunspot Light Bridge
• A sudden fine-scale bright kernel captured by Hi-C Flare in 11 MK emission during an M1.6-class solar flare's post-maximum phase