Thermodynamics of a spin-1 Bose gas with fixed magnetization

Abstract

We investigate the thermodynamics of a spin-1 Bose gas with fixed magnetization including the quadratic Zeeman energy shift. Our calculations are based on the grand canonical description for the ideal gas and the classical fields approximation for atoms with ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions. We confirm the occurence of a double phase transition in the system that takes place due to two global constraints. We show analytically for the ideal gas how critical temperatures and condensed fractions are changed by a non-zero magnetic field. The interaction strongly affects the condensate scenario below the second critical temperature. The effect imposed by interaction energies becomes diminished in high magnetic fields where condensation, of both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic atoms, agree with the ideal gas results.

References in corpus (8)

• Spontaneous vortices in the formation of Bose-Einstein condensates
• Broken axisymmetry phase of a spin-1 ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensate
• Bose-Einstein condensation of trapped interacting spin-1 atoms
• Excited spin states and phase separation in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
• Spin-Domain Formation in Antiferromagnetic Condensates
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• Stochastic Projected Gross-Pitaevskii equation for spinor and multi-component condensates
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Cited by in corpus (4)

• Continuum of classical-field ensembles from canonical to grand canonical and the onset of their equivalence
• Metastable spin-phase diagrams in antiferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensates
• Exploring the thermodynamics of spin-1 ${}^{87}$Rb Bose Gases with synthetic magnetization
• Multisetting protocol for Bell correlated states detection with spin-$f$ systems