The BaLROG project - I. Quantifying the influence of bars on the kinematics of nearby galaxies

Abstract

We present the BaLROG (Bars in Low Redshift Optical Galaxies) sample of 16 morphologically distinct barred spirals to characterise observationally the influence of bars on nearby galaxies. Each galaxy is a mosaic of several pointings observed with the IFU spectrograph SAURON leading to a tenfold sharper spatial resolution (~100 pc) compared to ongoing IFU surveys. In this paper we focus on the kinematic properties. We calculate the bar strength Qb from classical torque analysis using 3.6 μm Spitzer (S4G) images, but also develop a new method based solely on the kinematics. A correlation between the two measurements is found and backed up by N-body simulations, verifying the measurement of Qb . We find that bar strengths from ionised gas kinematics are ~2.5 larger than those measured from stellar kinematics and that stronger bars have enhanced influence on inner kinematic features. We detect that stellar angular momentum "dips" at 0.2$\pm$0.1 bar lengths and half of our sample exhibits an anti-correlation of h3 - stellar velocity (v/σ) in these central parts. An increased flattening of the stellar σ gradient with increasing bar strength supports the notion of bar-induced orbit mixing. These measurements set important constraints on the spatial scales, namely an increasing influence in the central regions (0.1-0.5 bar lengths), revealed by kinematic signatures due to bar-driven secular evolution in present day galaxies.

38 pages, 40 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, comments are welcome. Some of the figures might lack quality here due to overall size restrictions, please contact us if needed

References in corpus (16)

• Overview of the SDSS-IV MaNGA Survey: Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory
• Evolutionary Stellar Population Synthesis with MILES. Part I: The Base Models and a New Line Index System
• The SAURON project -- IX. A kinematic classification for early-type galaxies
• A Near-Infrared Study of 2MASS Bars in Local Galaxies: An Anchor for High Redshift Studies
• The population of barred galaxies in the local universe I. Detection and characterisation of bars
• The SAURON project - VII. Integral-field absorption and emission-line kinematics of 24 spiral galaxy bulges
• Radial mixing and the transition between the thick and thin Galactic discs
• Bars in Disk-Dominated and Bulge-Dominated Galaxies at z~0: New Insights from ~3600 SDSS Galaxies
• The SAURON project - XII. Kinematic substructures in early-type galaxies: evidence for disks in fast rotators
• Properties of Bars and Bulges in the Hubble Sequence
• Stellar Population gradients in galaxy discs from the CALIFA survey
• Kinematics at the Edge of the Galactic Bulge: Evidence for Cylindrical Rotation
• Secular- and merger-built bulges in barred galaxies
• Kinematic alignment of non-interacting CALIFA galaxies: Quantifying the impact of bars on stellar and ionised gas velocity field orientations
• Confirmation of a Kinematic Diagnostic for Face-On B/P Bulges
• Comparison of bar strengths in optical and near-infrared for the OSUBSGS sample

Cited by in corpus (31)

• The SAMI Galaxy Survey: Revisiting Galaxy Classification Through High-Order Stellar Kinematics
• Stellar kinematics across the Hubble sequence in the CALIFA survey: General properties and aperture corrections
• Characterization of galactic bars from 3.6 $\mu$m S${}^4$G imaging
• Galaxy Zoo: Secular evolution of barred galaxies from structural decomposition of multi-band images
• Orbital decomposition of CALIFA spiral galaxies
• Kinematic signatures of nuclear discs and bar-driven secular evolution in nearby galaxies of the MUSE TIMER project
• Tidally induced bars of galaxies in clusters
• A relation between characteristic stellar age of galaxies and their intrinsic shape
• A numerical study of interactions and stellar bars
• The shapes of spiral arms in the S${}^4$G survey and their connection with stellar bars
• Stellar mass distribution of S${}^4$G disk galaxies and signatures of bar-induced secular evolution
• Kinematic clues to bar evolution for galaxies in the local universe: why the fastest rotating bars are rotating most slowly
• The Mass Dependence of Star Formation Histories in Barred Spiral Galaxies
• SDSS-IV MaNGA: the indispensable role of bars in enhancing the central star formation of low-$z$ galaxies
• The distribution of star formation in galactic bars as seen with H$\alpha$ and stacked GALEX UV imaging
• Resolved stellar population properties of PHANGS-MUSE galaxies
• Stellar populations in the bulges of isolated galaxies
• The BaLROG project - II. Quantifying the influence of bars on the stellar populations of nearby galaxies
• A combined photometric and kinematic recipe for evaluating the nature of bulges using the CALIFA sample
• Composite Bulges -- II. Classical Bulges and Nuclear Discs in Barred Galaxies: The Contrasting Cases of NGC 4608 and NGC 4643
• Revisiting the Stellar Velocity Ellipsoid - Hubble type relation: observations versus simulations
• The GECKOS Survey: Identifying kinematic sub-structures in edge-on galaxies
• UGC 1378 -- a Milky Way-sized galaxy embedded in a giant low-surface brightness disc
• CAVITY, Calar Alto Void Integral-field Treasury surveY and project extension
• Bar Classification based on the Potential Map
• Molecular gas and star formation within 12 strong galactic bars observed with IRAM-30m
• Chemical enrichment in isolated barred spiral galaxies
• What made discy galaxies giant?
• The study of two barred galaxies with curious kinematical features
• Local variations of the Stellar Velocity Ellipsoid-II: the effect of the bar in the inner regions of Auriga galaxies
• Structure Formation with Dark Magnetohydrodynamics