Extremely Large EUV Late Phase of Solar Flares

Abstract

The second peak in the Fe XVI 33.5 nm line irradiance observed during solar flares by Extreme ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE) is known as Extreme UltraViolet (EUV) late phase. Our previous paper (Liu et al. 2013) found that the main emissions in the late phase are originated from large-scale loop arcades that are closely connected to but different from the post flare loops (PFLs), and we also proposed that a long cooling process without additional heating could explain the late phase. In this paper, we define the extremely large late phase because it not only has a bigger peak in the warm 33.5 irradiance profile, but also releases more EUV radiative energy than the main phase. Through detailedly inspecting the EUV images from three point-of-view, it is found that, besides the later phase loop arcades, the more contribution of the extremely large late phase is from a hot structure that fails to erupt. This hot structure is identified as a flux rope, which is quickly energized by the flare reconnection and later on continuously produces the thermal energy during the gradual phase. Together with the late-phase loop arcades, the fail to erupt flux rope with the additional heating create the extremely large EUV late phase.

arXiv comment9 figures

References in corpus (10)

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Cited by in corpus (12)

• Origin and Structures of Solar Eruptions I: Magnetic Flux Rope (Invited Review)
• On the Magnetic and Energy Characteristics of Recurrent Homologous Jets from An Emerging Flux
• A Two-ribbon White-light Flare Associated with a Failed Solar Eruption Observed by ONSET, SDO, and IRIS
• Thermodynamic Spectrum of Solar Flares Based on SDO/EVE Observations: Techniques and Statistical Results
• Determination of transport coefficients by coronal seismology of flare-induced slow-mode waves: Numerical parametric study of 1D loop model
• Extreme Ultraviolet Late Phase of Solar Flares
• Two-stage energy release process of a confined flare with double HXR peaks
• Extremely Large Extreme-ultraviolet Late Phase Powered by Intense Early Heating in a Non-eruptive Solar Flare
• Stereoscopic Observation of Slipping Reconnection in A Double Candle-Flame-Shaped Solar Flare
• Probing the Production of Extreme-ultraviolet Late-Phase Solar Flares by Using the Model Enthalpy-Based Thermal Evolution of Loops
• An investigation of flare emissions at multiple wavelengths
• Energy partition in a confined flare with an extreme-ultraviolet late phase