Neutrino Flavor Ratios Modified by Cosmic Ray Secondary Acceleration

Abstract

Acceleration of $\pi$'s and $\mu$'s modifies the flavor ratio at Earth (at astrophysical sources) of neutrinos produced by $\pi$ decay, ${\nu }_e:{\nu }_{\mu }:{\nu }_{\tau }$, from $1:1:1$ ($1:2:0$) to $1:1.8:1.8$ ($0:1:0$) at high energy, because $\pi$'s decay more than $\mu$'s during secondary-acceleration. The neutrino spectrum accompanies a flat excess, differently from the case of energy losses. With the flavor spectra, we can probe timescales of cosmic-ray acceleration and shock dynamics. We obtain general solutions of convection-diffusion equations and apply to gamma-ray bursts, which may have the flavor modification at around PeV -- EeV detectable by IceCube and next-generation experiments.

17 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review D

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• Probing BSM Neutrino Physics with Flavor and Spectral Distortions: Prospects for Future High-Energy Neutrino Telescopes
• Sterile Neutrinos and Flavor Ratios in IceCube
• Non-standard neutrino interactions in the Earth and the flavor of astrophysical neutrinos
• Using High-Energy Neutrinos As Cosmic Magnetometers
• IceCube Flavor Ratios with Identified Astrophysical Sources: Towards Improving New Physics Testability
• How Unequal Fluxes of High Energy Astrophysical Neutrinos and Antineutrinos can Fake New Physics
• Signatures of secondary acceleration in neutrino flares
• Little Red Dots as Hidden Neutrino Sources
• No Flavor Anisotropy in the High-Energy Neutrino Sky Upholds Lorentz Invariance