Fluctuation relations for spin currents

Abstract

The fluctuation theorem establishes general relations between transport coefficients and fluctuations in nonequilibrium systems. Recently there was much interest in quantum fluctuation relations for electric currents. Since charge carriers also carry spin, it is important to extend the fluctuation theorem to spin currents. We use the principle of microscopic reversibility to derive such theorem. As a consequence, we obtain a family of relations between transport coefficients and fluctuations of spin currents. We apply the relations to the spin Seebeck effect and rectification of spin currents. Our relations do not depend on a microscopic model and hence can be used to test the validity of theoretical approximations in spin-transport problems.

17 pages, 6 figures. Final version as accepted by PRB

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• Two-Fluid Theory for Spin Superfluidity in Magnetic Insulators
• Microreversibility, nonequilibrium current fluctuations, and response theory
• Thermodynamics of energy, charge and spin currents in thermoelectric quantum-dot spin valve
• Spin pumping and torque statistics in the quantum noise limit
• Microreversibility and nonequilibrium response theory in magnetic fields
• Microreversibility and quantum transport in Aharonov-Bohm rings
• Heat and charge current fluctuations and the time dependent coefficient of performance for a nanoscale refrigerator