Constraints on extra dimensions from precision molecular spectroscopy

Abstract

Accurate investigations of quantum level energies in molecular systems are shown to provide a test ground to constrain the size of compactified extra dimensions. This is made possible by the recent progress in precision metrology with ultrastable lasers on energy levels in neutral molecular hydrogen (H${}_2$, HD and D${}_2$) and the molecular hydrogen ions (H${}_2^{+}$, HD${}^{+}$ and D${}_2^{+}$). Comparisons between experiment and quantum electrodynamics calculations for these molecular systems can be interpreted in terms of probing large extra dimensions, under which conditions gravity will become much stronger. Molecules are a probe of space-time geometry at typical distances where chemical bonds are effective, i.e. at length scales of an Å. Constraints on compactification radii for extra dimensions are derived within the Arkani-Hamed-Dimopoulos-Dvali framework, while constraints for curvature or brane separation are derived within the Randall-Sundrum framework. Based on the molecular spectroscopy of D${}_2$ molecules and HD${}^{+}$ ions, the compactification size for seven extra dimensions (in connection to M-theory defined in 11 dimensions) of equal size is shown to be limited to $R_7<0.6\mu$m. While limits on compactification sizes of extra dimensions based on other branches of physics are compared, the prospect of further tightening constraints from the molecular method is discussed.

References in corpus (34)

• A Large Mass Hierarchy from a Small Extra Dimension
• An Alternative to Compactification
• The Hierarchy Problem and New Dimensions at a Millimeter
• New Dimensions at a Millimeter to a Fermi and Superstrings at a TeV
• Tests of the Gravitational Inverse-Square Law below the Dark-Energy Length Scale
• Tests of the Gravitational Inverse-Square Law
• Quantum Gravity and Extra Dimensions at High-Energy Colliders
• Ab-initio Determination of Light Hadron Masses
• Collider Signatures of New Large Space Dimensions
• Muonic hydrogen and the proton radius puzzle
• High-precision measurement of the atomic mass of the electron
• SN1987A Constraints on Large Compact Dimensions
• Neutron scattering and extra short range interactions
• Nonadiabatic corrections to rovibrational levels of H${}_2$
• The Fundamental Vibration of Molecular Hydrogen
• Bounds on fifth forces from precision measurements on molecules
• Born-Oppenheimer potential for H${}_2$
• Search for dark matter candidates and large extra dimensions in events with a photon and missing transverse momentum in pp collision data at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Demonstration of the Casimir force between ferromagnetic surfaces of a Ni-coated sphere and a Ni-coated plate
• Addressing and manipulation of individual hyperfine states in cold trapped molecular ions and application to HD^{+} frequency metrology
• Higher-order effective Hamiltonian for light atomic systems
• QED effects in molecules: test on rotational quantum states of H${}_2$
• Theoretical transition frequencies beyond 0.1 ppb accuracy in H${}_2^{+}$, HD${}^{+}$, and antiprotonic helium
• Nonadiabatic corrections to the wave function and energy
• Bounds on fifth forces at the sub-Angstrom length scale
• H2+ and HD+: candidates for a molecular clock
• Higher order corrections to the Newtonian potential in the Randall-Sundrum model
• Spectroscopy of atomic hydrogen. How is the Rydberg constant determined?
• Relativistic corrections of mα^6(m/M) order to the hyperfine structure of the H_2^+ molecular ion
• Proton radius puzzle and large extra dimensions
• Two-photon spectroscopy of trapped HD${}^{+}$ ions in the Lamb-Dicke regime
• Measurement of the Casimir force with a ferrule-top sensor
• Model-independent constraints on r^-3 extra-interactions from orbital motions
• Corrections to the Newtonian potential in the two-brane Randall-Sundrum model

Cited by in corpus (41)

• Search for New Physics with Atoms and Molecules
• Horizon-scale tests of gravity theories and fundamental physics from the Event Horizon Telescope image of Sagittarius A${}^{\ast }$
• Hunting for extra dimensions in the shadow of M87*
• Probing QED and fundamental constants through laser spectroscopy of vibrational transitions in HD+
• Sub-Doppler frequency metrology in HD for test of fundamental physics
• Quantum Forces from Dark Matter and Where to Find Them
• Hydrogen molecular ions for improved determination of fundamental constants
• Lamb-dips and Lamb-peaks in the saturation spectrum of HD
• Bounding Quantum Dark Forces
• Quantum control of molecules for fundamental physics
• The Warped Dark Sector
• Sub-ppb measurement of a fundamental band rovibrational transition in HD
• Spin-dependent exotic interactions
• Ultra-high finesse cavity-enhanced spectroscopy for accurate tests of quantum electrodynamics for molecules
• Charting the Fifth Force Landscape
• Precision measurement of the fundamental vibrational frequencies of tritium-bearing hydrogen molecules: T${}_2$, DT, HT
• Sub-kHz linewidth narrowing of a mid-infrared OPO idler frequency by direct cavity stabilization
• Searching for Elusive Dark Sectors with Terrestrial and Celestial Observations
• High-precision spectroscopy of the HD+ molecule at the 1-p.p.b. level
• Relativistic and QED effects in the fundamental vibration of T${}_2$
• Constraints on extra dimensions from atomic spectroscopy
• Is the proton radius puzzle evidence of extra dimensions?
• Hyperfine components of all rovibrational quadrupole transitions in the H${}_2$ and D${}_2$ molecules
• Rotational level spacings in HD from vibrational saturation spectroscopy
• Spectroscopic tests for short-range modifications of Newtonian and post-Newtonian potentials
• Background-Induced Forces from Dark Relics
• Submillimeter constraints for non-Newtonian gravity from spectroscopy
• Nonrelativistic energy of tritium-containing hydrogen molecule isotopologues
• Probing the era of reheating for reconstructed inflationary potential in the RS II braneworld
• A Study of New Physics Searches with Tritium and Similar Molecules
• Hunting for extra dimensions in black hole shadows
• Light Dark Matter Annihilation and Scattering in LHC Detectors
• Neutron interferometry and tests of short-range modifications of gravity
• A Stimulated Raman Loss spectrometer for metrological studies of quadrupole lines of hydrogen isotopologues
• Rydberg states of hydrogen-like ions in braneworld
• Precision measurement of quasi-bound resonances in H${}_2$ and the H + H scattering length
• Effects of the long-range neutrino-mediated force in atomic phenomena
• Effects of gravity in extra dimensions in atomic phenomena
• Probing extra dimensions through cosmological observations of dark energy
• Physics beyond the Standard Model from hydrogen spectroscopy
• Microscopic composite systems bound by strong gravity in extra dimensions as candidates for dark matter