Inhomogeneous broadening of optical transitions of 87Rb atoms in an optical nanofiber trap

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate optical trapping of 87Rb atoms using a two-color evanescent field around an optical nanofiber. In our trapping geometry, a blue-detuned traveling wave whose polarization is nearly parallel to the polarization of a red-detuned standing wave produces significant vector light shifts that lead to broadening of the absorption profile of a near-resonant beam at the trapping site. A model that includes scalar, vector, and tensor light shifts of the probe transition $5S_{1/2}$-$5P_{3/2}$ from the trapping beams, weighted by the temperature-dependent position of the atoms in the trap, qualitatively describes the observed asymmetric profile and explains differences with previous experiments that used Cs atoms. The model provides a consistent way to extract the number of atoms in the trap.

6 pages, 4 figures

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• Strong magnetic coupling of an ultracold gas to a superconducting waveguide cavity
• Magic wavelengths for the np-ns transitions in alkali-metal atoms
• Generation and detection of a sub-Poissonian atom number distribution in a one-dimensional optical lattice
• Ultra-low-loss tapered optical fibers with minimal lengths

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