Visualization of the normal-fluid turbulence in counterflowing superfluid 4He

Abstract

We describe a new technique, using thin lines of triplet-state He2 molecular tracers created by femtosecond-laser field-ionization of helium atoms, for visualizing the flow of the normal fluid in superfluid 4He, together with its application to thermal counterflow in a channel. We show that, at relatively small velocities, where the superfluid is already turbulent, the flow of the normal fluid remains laminar, but with a distorted velocity profile, while at a higher velocity there is a transition to turbulence. The form of the structure function in this turbulent state differs significantly from that found in types of conventional turbulence. This visualization technique also promises to be applicable to other fluid dynamical problems involving cryogenic helium.

5 pages, 5 figures

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Cited by in corpus (42)

• Numerical Studies of Quantum Turbulence
• Intermittency of velocity circulation in quantum turbulence
• An exploration of thermal counterflow in He II using particle tracking velocimetry
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• Three-Dimensional Coupled Dynamics of Two-Fluid Model in Superfluid ${}^4$He: Deformed Velocity Profile of Normal Fluid in Thermal Counterflow
• Dynamics of the Density of Quantized Vortex-Lines in Superfluid Turbulence
• Counterflow quantum turbulence of He II in a square channel: Numerical analysis with nonuniform flows of the normal fluid
• Dissipation in quantum turbulence in superfluid ${}^4$He above 1K
• Determination of the effective kinematic viscosity for the decay of quasiclassical turbulence in superfluid ${}^4$He
• Intermittency enhancement in quantum turbulence
• Coupled normal fluid and superfluid profiles of turbulent helium II in channels
• Coexistence and interplay of quantum and classical turbulence in superfluid He-4: Decay, velocity decoupling and counterflow energy spectra
• Superdiffusion of quantized vortices uncovering scaling behavior of quantum turbulence
• Statistics of turbulence and intermittency enhancement in superfluid ${}^4$He counterflow
• Characterizing vortex tangle properties in steady-state He II counterflow using particle tracking velocimetry
• Counter-flow Induced Decoupling in Super-Fluid Turbulence
• Spherically symmetric formation of localized vortex tangle around a heat source in superfluid ${}^4$He
• On the Nonuniform Quantum Turbulence in Superfluids
• Quench spot detection for superconducting accelerator cavities via flow visualization in superfluid helium-4
• Eulerian and Lagrangian second-order statistics of superfluid ${}^4$He grid turbulence
• Coupled dynamics for superfluid ${}^4$He in the channel
• Logarithmic velocity profile of quantum turbulence of superfluid ${}^4$He
• Theoretical framework bridging classical and quantum mechanics for the dynamics of cryogenic liquid helium-4 using smoothed-particle hydrodynamics
• Large-scale normal fluid circulation in helium superflows
• Theory of energy spectra in superfluid He-4 counterflow turbulence
• Grand Challenges in Quantum Fluids and Solids
• Numerical Study on Entrance Length in Thermal Counterflow of Superfluid ${}^4$He
• Strong anisotropy of superfluid ${}^4$He counterflow turbulence
• Boiling and cavitation caused by transient heat transfer in superfluid helium-4
• Molecular Tagging Velocimetry in Superfluid Helium-4: Progress, Issues, and Future Development
• A cryogenic-helium pipe flow facility with unique double-line molecular tagging velocimetry capability
• Coflow turbulence of superfluid ${}^4$He in a square channel: Vortices trapped on a cylindrical attractor
• Shape fluctuations and optical transition of He${}_2^{\ast }$ excimer tracers in superfluid ${}^4$He
• Dynamics of turbulent plugs in a superfluid ${}^4$He channel counterflow
• Vinen's latest thoughts on the "bump'' puzzle in decaying He II counterflow turbulence
• Statistics of Quantum Turbulence in Superfluid He
• Heat and mass transfer during a sudden loss of vacuum in a liquid helium cooled tube -- Part III
• Theory of anisotropic superfluid He-4 counterflow turbulence
• Multi-scale physics of cryogenic liquid helium-4: Inverse coarse-graining properties of smoothed particle hydrodynamics
• Transient heat transfer of superfluid ${}^4$He in nonhomogeneous geometries -- Part I: Second sound, rarefaction, and thermal layer
• Studies on quantum turbulence with Vinen
• Regimes of turbulence without an energy cascade