Progress on accurate measurement of the Planck constant: watt balance and counting atoms

Abstract

The Planck constant $h$ is one of the most significant constants in quantum physics. Recently, the precision measurement of the numeral value of $h$ has been a hot issue due to its important role in establishment for both a new SI and a revised fundamental physical constant system. Up to date, two approaches, the watt balance and counting atoms, have been employed to determine the Planck constant at a level of several parts in $10^8$. In this paper, the principle and progress on precision measurement of the Planck constant using watt balance and counting atoms at national metrology institutes are reviewed. Further improvements for the Planck constant determination and possible developments of a revised physical constant system in future are discussed.

24 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in Chinese Physics B

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• Field representation of a watt balance magnet by partial profile measurements
• On new definitions of SI base units. Why is the "atomic" kilogram preferable