Quasiparticle mass enhancement approaching optimal doping in a high-Tc superconductor

Abstract

In the quest for superconductors with high transition temperatures (T${}_{\mathrm{c}}$s), one emerging motif is that unconventional superconductivity is enhanced by fluctuations of a broken-symmetry phase near a quantum-critical point. While recent experiments have suggested the existence of the requisite broken symmetry phase in the high-T${}_{\mathrm{c}}$ cuprates, the signature of quantum-critical fluctuations in the electronic structure has thus far remained elusive, leaving their importance for high-T${}_{\mathrm{c}}$ superconductivity in question. We use magnetic fields exceeding 90 tesla to access the underlying metallic state of the cuprate YBa2Cu3O6+${}_{\delta }$ over an unprecedented range of doping, and magnetic quantum oscillations reveal a strong enhancement in the quasiparticle effective mass toward optimal doping. This mass enhancement is a characteristic signature of quantum criticality, and identifies a quantum-critical point at p${}_{crit}$ $\approx$ 0.18. This point also represents the juncture of the vanishing pseudogap energy scale and the disappearance of Kerr rotation, the negative Hall coefficient, and the recently observed charge order, suggesting a mechanism of high-T${}_{\mathrm{c}}$ that is strongest when these definitive experimental signatures of the underdoped cuprates converge at a quantum critical point.

arXiv comment4 figures. Supplementary info (15 figures). Science. Published online 26 March 2015

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