Kerr-Newman scalar clouds

Abstract

Massive complex scalar fields can form bound states around Kerr black holes. These bound states -- dubbed scalar clouds -- are generically non-zero and finite on and outside the horizon; they decay exponentially at spatial infinity, have a real frequency and are specified by a set of integer "quantum" numbers (n,l,m). For a specific set of these numbers, the clouds are only possible along a 1-dimensional subset of the 2-dimensional parameter space of Kerr black holes, called an existence line. In this paper we make a thorough investigation of the scalar clouds due to neutral (charged) scalar fields around Kerr(-Newman) black holes. We present the location of the existence lines for a variety of quantum numbers, their spatial representation and compare analytic approximation formulas in the literature with our exact numerical results, exhibiting a sometimes remarkable agreement.

11 pages, 13 figures; v2: improved Fig. 12 and corresponding discussion, added references

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• Scalar clouds and the superradiant instability regime of Kerr-Newman black hole
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• Stationary Charged Scalar Clouds around Black Holes in String Theory
• Acoustic clouds: standing sound waves around a black hole analogue
• Analytic treatment of the system of a Kerr-Newman black hole and a charged massive scalar field
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• The spinning Kerr-black-hole-mirror bomb: A lower bound on the radius of the reflecting mirror
• Analytical Study of a Kerr-Sen Black Hole and a Charged Massive Scalar Field
• Fundamental fields around compact objects: Massive spin-2 fields, Superradiant instabilities and Stars with dark matter cores