Pseudogap, charge order, and pairing density wave at the hot spots in cuprate superconductors

Abstract

We address the timely issue of the presence of charge ordering at the hot-spots in the pseudo-gap phase of cuprate superconductors in the context of an emergent SU(2)-symmetry which relates the charge and pairing sectors. Performing the Hubbard-Stratonovich decoupling such that the free energy stays always real and physically meaningful we exhibit three solutions of the spin-fermion model at the hot spots. A careful examination of their stability and free energy shows that, at low temperature, the system tends towards a co-existence of charge density wave (CDW) and the composite order parameter made of diagonal quadrupolar density wave and pairing fluctuations of Ref. [Nat. Phys. $9$, 1745 (2013)].The CDW is sensitive to the shape of the Fermi surface in contrast to the diagonal quadrupolar order, which is immune to it. SU(2) symmetry within the pseudo-gap phase also applies to the CDW state, which therefore admits a pairing density pave counterpart breaking time reversal symmetry.

arXiv comment15 pages, 15 figures, final version + typo corrected in Eq. (12)

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• SU(2)-symmetry in a realistic spin-fermion model for cuprate superconductors
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• Phase transition into Instanton Crystal
• Charge and current orders in the spin-fermion model with overlapping hot spots
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