An Aharonov-Bohm interferometer for determining Bloch band topology

Abstract

The geometric structure of an energy band in a solid is fundamental for a wide range of many-body phenomena in condensed matter and is uniquely characterized by the distribution of Berry curvature over the Brillouin zone. In analogy to an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer that measures the magnetic flux penetrating a given area in real space, we realize an atomic interferometer to measure Berry flux in momentum space. We demonstrate the interferometer for a graphene-type hexagonal lattice, where it has allowed us to directly detect the singular $\pi$ Berry flux localized at each Dirac point. We show that the interferometer enables one to determine the distribution of Berry curvature with high momentum resolution. Our work forms the basis for a general framework to fully characterize topological band structures and can also facilitate holonomic quantum computing through controlled exploitation of the geometry of Hilbert space.

5+5 pages

References in corpus (8)

• The electronic properties of graphene
• Quantum fluids of light
• Measuring the Chern number of Hofstadter bands with ultracold bosonic atoms
• Merging of Dirac points in a two-dimensional crystal
• Simulation and detection of Dirac fermions with cold atoms in an optical lattice
• A new magnetic field dependence of Landau levels on a graphene like structure
• Feshbach resonances in ultracold K(39)
• Interferometric approach to measuring band topology in 2D optical lattices

Cited by in corpus (37)

• Topological Quantum Matter with Ultracold Gases in Optical Lattices
• Z2Pack: Numerical Implementation of Hybrid Wannier Centers for Identifying Topological Materials
• Geometric phase from Aharonov-Bohm to Pancharatnam-Berry and beyond
• Synthetic dimensions and spin-orbit coupling with an optical clock transition
• Spin-orbit coupled fermions in an optical lattice clock
• Tunable non-reciprocal quantum transport through a dissipative Aharonov-Bohm ring in ultracold atoms
• Spin-orbit coupling and optical spin Hall effect in photonic graphene
• Experimental Measurement of the Quantum Metric Tensor and Related Topological Phase Transition with a Superconducting Qubit
• Symmetry-broken states in a system of interacting bosons on a two-leg ladder with a uniform Abelian gauge field
• Correlation Length, Universality Classes, and Scaling Laws Associated with Topological Phase Transitions
• Emergent pseudospin-1 Maxwell fermions with a threefold degeneracy in optical lattices
• Universality classes of topological phase transitions with higher-order band crossing
• Chiral Bosonic Phases on the Haldane Honeycomb Lattice
• Tunable axial gauge fields in engineered Weyl semimetals: Semiclassical analysis and optical lattice implementations
• Symmetry-protected Topological Phases at Finite Temperature
• Two topologically distinct Dirac-line semimetal phases and topological phase transitions in rhombohedrally stacked honeycomb lattices
• Non-equilibrium Fractional Hall Response After a Topological Quench
• Nonlinear Dirac Cones
• Tracing the nonequilibrium topological state of Chern insulators
• Exploring topological double-Weyl semimetals with cold atoms in optical lattices
• Generalized Bloch theorem and topological characterization
• Topological pumping assisted by Bloch oscillations
• Geometric phase in Stückelberg interferometry
• Periodic driving induced helical Floquet channels with ultracold atoms in momentum space
• Photo-electrons unveil topological transitions in graphene-like systems
• Detecting topological transitions in two dimensions by Hamiltonian evolution
• Chaos based Berry phase detector
• Hidden-symmetry-protected Z_2 topological insulator in a cubic lattice
• Interaction-Driven Topological Switch in a $P$-Band Honeycomb Lattice
• Artificial Magnetic Fields in Momentum Space in Spin-Orbit Coupled Systems
• Exotic Topological States with Raman-Induced Spin-Orbit Coupling
• Tunable topological phases with fermionic atoms in a one-dimensional flux lattice
• Fractional quantum Hall states of dipolar fermions in a strained optical lattice
• Tuning the Chern number and Berry curvature with spin-orbit coupling and magnetic textures
• Hardcore bosonic domain walls on honeycomb lattice
• Simulating the Klein tunneling of pseudospin-one Maxwell particles with trapped ions
• Simulating a Topological Transition in a Superconducting Phase Qubit by Fast Adiabatic Trajectories