Dissipative superfluid mass flux through solid 4He

Abstract

The thermo-mechanical effect in superfluid helium is used to create an initial chemical potential difference, $\Delta {\mu }_0$, across a solid ${}^4$He sample. This $\Delta {\mu }_0$ causes a flow of helium atoms from one reservoir filled with superfluid helium, through a sample cell filled with solid helium, to another superfluid-filled reservoir until chemical potential equilibrium is restored. The solid helium sample is separated from each of the reservoirs by Vycor rods that allow only the superfluid component to flow. With an improved technique, measurements of the flow, $F$, at several fixed solid helium temperatures, $T$, have been made as function of $\Delta \mu$ in the pressure range 25.5 - 26.1 bar. And, measurements of $F$ have been made as a function of temperature in the range $180<T<545$~mK for several fixed values of $\Delta \mu$. The temperature dependence of the flow above $100$~mK shows a reduction of the flux with an increase in temperature that is well described by $F=F_0^{\ast }[1-a\exp (-E/T)]$. The non-linear functional dependence $F\sim (\Delta \mu {)}^b$, with $b<0.5$ independent of temperature but dependent on pressure, documents in some detail the dissipative nature of the flow and suggests that this system demonstrates Luttinger liquid-like one-dimensional behavior. The mechanism that causes this flow behavior is not certain, but is consistent with superflow on the cores of edge dislocations.

11 pages, 14 figures

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Cited by in corpus (9)

• One-dimensional liquid ${}^4$He: dynamical properties beyond Luttinger liquid theory
• Giant isochoric compressibility of solid Helium-4: the bistability of superlcimbing dislocations
• Mass Superflux in Solid Helium: the Role of ${}^3$He Impurities
• Emergence of Luttinger Liquid behavior of a superclimbing dislocation
• Supersolid induced by dislocations with superfluid cores (Review article)
• Absence of off-diagonal long-range order in hcp ${}^4$He dislocation cores
• Quantum Phase Transition with a Simple Variational Ansatz
• Linear response of one-dimensional liquid ${}^4$He to external perturbations
• Saga of Superfluid Solids