Observations of an extreme storm in interplanetary space caused by successive coronal mass ejections
arXiv:1405.6088 · doi:10.1038/ncomms4481
Abstract
Space weather refers to dynamic conditions on the Sun and in the space environment of the Earth, which are often driven by solar eruptions and their subsequent interplanetary disturbances. It has been unclear how an extreme space weather storm forms and how severe it can be. Here we report and investigate an extreme event with multi-point remote-sensing and in-situ observations. The formation of the extreme storm showed striking novel features. We suggest that the in-transit interaction between two closely launched coronal mass ejections resulted in the extreme enhancement of the ejecta magnetic field observed near 1 AU at STEREO A. The fast transit to STEREO A (in only 18.6 hours), or the unusually weak deceleration of the event, was caused by the preconditioning of the upstream solar wind by an earlier solar eruption. These results provide a new view crucial to solar physics and space weather as to how an extreme space weather event can arise from a combination of solar eruptions.
23 pages, 7 figures
References in corpus (1)
Cited by in corpus (32)
- Strong coronal channelling and interplanetary evolution of a solar storm up to Earth and Mars
- CME-CME Interactions as Sources of CME Geo-effectiveness: The Formation of the Complex Ejecta and Intense Geomagnetic Storm in Early September 2017
- Simultaneous Transverse Oscillations of a Prominence and a Filament and Longitudinal Oscillation of another Filament Induced by a Single Shock Wave
- Interplanetary Propagation Behavior of the Fast Coronal Mass Ejection from 23 July 2012
- Imaging and Spectroscopic Diagnostics on the Formation of Two Magnetic Flux Ropes Revealed by SDO/AIA and IRIS
- The 2012 July 23 Backside Eruption: An Extreme Energetic Particle Event?
- Long-Lasting Extreme Magnetic Storm Activities in 1770 Found in Historical Documents
- Quasi-periodic oscillations in flares and coronal mass ejections associated with magnetic reconnection
- Sun-to-Earth Characteristics of the 2012 July 12 Coronal Mass Ejection and Associated Geo-effectiveness
- Combined Multipoint Remote and In Situ Observations of the Asymmetric Evolution of a Fast Solar Coronal Mass Ejection
- Was the Sun a Slow Rotator? -- Sodium and Potassium Constraints from the Lunar Regolith
- Bridging EUV and white-light observations to inspect the initiation phase of a "two-stage" solar eruptive event
- A Comparative Study of 2017 July and 2012 July Complex Eruptions: Are Solar Superstorms "Perfect Storms" in Nature?
- Sheath-Accumulating Propagation of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection
- Using radio triangulation to understand the origin of two subsequent type II radio bursts
- Multipoint study of successive coronal mass ejections driving moderate disturbances at 1 AU
- The Structure of Solar Coronal Mass Ejections in the Extreme-Ultraviolet Passbands
- Effects of Coronal Density and Magnetic Field Distributions on a Global Solar EUV Wave
- Three Dimensional Simulations of Solar Wind Preconditioning and the 23 July 2012 Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection
- Characteristics and Importance of "ICME-in-Sheath" Phenomenon and Upper Limit for Geomagnetic Storm Activity
- Comparison of magnetic properties in a magnetic cloud and its solar source on April 11-14 2013
- Effect of the solar wind density on the evolution of normal and inverse coronal mass ejections
- Clustering of fast Coronal Mass Ejections during the solar cycles 23 and 24 and implications for CME-CME interactions
- First Taste of Hot Channel in Interplanetary Space
- Near-Sun and 1 AU magnetic field of coronal mass ejections: A parametric study
- Propagation and Interaction Properties of Successive Coronal Mass Ejections in Relation to a Complex Type II Radio Burst
- Solar Energetic Particle Event Associated with the 2012 July 23 Extreme Solar Storm
- Propagation Characteristics of Two Coronal Mass Ejections From the Sun Far into Interplanetary Space
- Recurrent CME-like Eruptions in Emerging Flux Regions. II. Scaling of Energy and Collision of Successive Eruptions
- On the Relationship Between Transit Time of ICMEs and Strength of the Initiated Geomagnetic Storms
- Investigating the Kinematics of Coronal Mass Ejections with the Automated CORIMP Catalog
- A Space Weather Mission Concept: Observatories of the Solar Corona and Active Regions (OSCAR)