A Hybrid Strong/Weak Coupling Approach to Jet Quenching

Abstract

We propose and explore a new hybrid approach to jet quenching in a strongly coupled medium. The basis of this phenomenological approach is to treat physics processes at different energy scales differently. The high-$Q^2$ processes associated with the QCD evolution of the jet from production as a single hard parton through its fragmentation, up to but not including hadronization, are treated perturbatively. The interactions between the partons in the shower and the deconfined matter within which they find themselves lead to energy loss. The momentum scales associated with the medium (of the order of the temperature) and with typical interactions between partons in the shower and the medium are sufficiently soft that strongly coupled physics plays an important role in energy loss. We model these interactions using qualitative insights from holographic calculations of the energy loss of energetic light quarks and gluons in a strongly coupled plasma, obtained via gauge/gravity duality. We embed this hybrid model into a hydrodynamic description of the spacetime evolution of the hot QCD matter produced in heavy ion collisions and confront its predictions with jet data from the LHC. The holographic expression for the energy loss of a light quark or gluon that we incorporate in our hybrid model is parametrized by a stopping distance. We find very good agreement with all the data as long as we choose a stopping distance that is comparable to but somewhat longer than that in $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. For comparison, we also construct alternative models in which energy loss occurs as it would if the plasma were weakly coupled. We close with suggestions of observables that could provide more incisive evidence for, or against, the importance of strongly coupled physics in jet quenching.

47 pages, 10 figures, typos corrected. Small mistake in the implementation of the Gluaber Monte-Carlo for the collision geometry corrected. Correction results in small changes to values of fitted parameters and to plots. No changes to any discussion or conclusions

References in corpus (95)

• The anti-k_t jet clustering algorithm
• A Brief Introduction to PYTHIA 8.1
• FastJet user manual
• Glauber Modeling in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
• Radiative energy loss of high energy quarks and gluons in a finite volume quark-gluon plasma
• Suppression of Hadrons with Large Transverse Momentum in Central Au+Au Collisions at $sqrt {s sub {sub {NN}}}_ = 130 GeV
• EPS09 - a New Generation of NLO and LO Nuclear Parton Distribution Functions
• Energy loss of a heavy quark moving through N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills plasma
• Observation of a Centrality-Dependent Dijet Asymmetry in Lead-Lead Collisions at sqrt(S(NN))= 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC
• Reaction Operator Approach to Non-Abelian Energy Loss
• Hadronization in heavy ion collisions: Recombination and fragmentation of partons
• Observation and studies of jet quenching in PbPb collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy = 2.76 TeV
• Quasinormal modes and holography
• Drag force in AdS/CFT
• Gluon Radiation off Hard Quarks in a Nuclear Environment: Opacity Expansion
• Centrality dependence of high pT hadron suppression in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(sNN)=130 GeV
• Multiple Parton Scattering in Nuclei: Parton Energy Loss
• Equation of state and QCD transition at finite temperature
• Elliptic flow at large transverse momenta from quark coalescence
• Photon and Gluon Emission in Relativistic Plasmas
• Calculating the Jet Quenching Parameter from AdS/CFT
• Heavy Quark Diffusion in Strongly Coupled $\mathbb{N}=4$ Yang Mills
• Extracting jet transport coefficient from jet quenching at RHIC and LHC
• Energy Correlation Functions for Jet Substructure
• Elastic, Inelastic, and Path Length Fluctuations in Jet Tomography
• The theory and phenomenology of perturbative QCD based jet quenching
• Medium-induced radiative energy loss; equivalence between the BDMPS and Zakharov formalisms
• Wilson loops in heavy ion collisions and their calculation in AdS/CFT
• Jet momentum dependence of jet quenching in PbPb collisions at sqrt(sNN)=2.76 TeV
• Jet size dependence of single jet suppression in lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s(NN)) = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
• MARTINI: An event generator for relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• An AdS/CFT Calculation of Screening in a Hot Wind
• Matter in extremis: ultrarelativistic nuclear collisions at RHIC
• Momentum fluctuations of heavy quarks in the gauge-string duality
• Transverse Momentum Broadening of a Fast Quark in a $\mathbb{N}=4$ Yang Mills Plasma
• Studies of jet quenching using isolated-photon + jet correlations in PbPb and pp collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 2.76 TeV
• Quark and Gluon Tagging at the LHC
• New picture of jet quenching dictated by color coherence
• Jet physics in heavy-ion collisions
• Measurement of jet fragmentation in PbPb and pp collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 2.76 TeV
• Antiangular Ordering of Gluon Radiation in QCD Media
• Infrared safe definition of jet flavour
• Medium-Induced QCD Cascade: Democratic Branching and Wave Turbulence
• Heavy ion event generator HYDJET++ (HYDrodynamics plus JETs)
• Q-PYTHIA: a medium-modified implementation of final state radiation
• From full stopping to transparency in a holographic model of heavy ion collisions
• Jets in QCD media: from color coherence to decoherence
• Jet evolution in the N=4 SYM plasma at strong coupling
• JEWEL 2.0.0 - Directions for Use
• Quark and Gluon Jet Substructure
• Light quark energy loss in strongly-coupled N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills plasma
• Measurement of jet fragmentation into charged particles in pp and PbPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 2.76 TeV
• Jet Charge at the LHC
• Conical Flow induced by Quenched QCD Jets
• Transverse Momentum Broadening and the Jet Quenching Parameter, Redux
• Interference effects in medium-induced gluon radiation
• Measurement of charged jet suppression in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76$ TeV
• Introductory lectures on jet quenching in heavy ion collisions
• Jet Quenching via Jet Collimation
• Gluon energy loss in the gauge-string duality
• Renormalization of the jet-quenching parameter
• The Surprising Transparency of the sQGP at LHC
• Studies of dijet transverse momentum balance and pseudorapidity distributions in pPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV
• Comparing energy loss and $p_{\perp }$-broadening in perturbative QCD with strong coupling $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory
• Parton shower evolution in a 3-d hydrodynamical medium
• Jets in strongly-coupled N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory
• Search for a Higgs boson in the decay channel H to ZZ(*) to q qbar l-l+ in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
• Momentum Broadening in Weakly Coupled Quark-Gluon Plasma (with a view to finding the quasiparticles within liquid quark-gluon plasma)
• Jet quenching in hot strongly coupled gauge theories revisited: 3-point correlators with gauge-gravity duality
• Jet quenching pattern at LHC in PYQUEN model
• Jet quenching in the strongly-interacting quark-gluon plasma
• Jet quenching in strongly coupled plasma
• Elliptic flow in Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt{s_{NN}} = 2.76 TeV: hybrid model assessment of the first data
• On the sensitivity of the dijet asymmetry to the physics of jet quenching
• Quenching and Tomography from RHIC to LHC
• Shooting String Holography of Jet Quenching at RHIC and LHC
• Holographic Lessons for Quark Dynamics
• Constraints on the Path-Length Dependence of Jet Quenching in Nuclear Collisions at RHIC and LHC
• Finite momentum at string endpoints
• Jet quenching in hot strongly coupled gauge theories simplified
• A simple description of jet cross-section ratios
• Heavy quark energy loss far from equilibrium in a strongly coupled collision
• Shining a Gluon Beam Through Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Falling Strings and Light Quark Jet Quenching at LHC
• Medium-induced color flow softens hadronization
• AdS/CFT Energy Loss in Time-Dependent String Configurations
• Coupling dependence of jet quenching in hot strongly-coupled gauge theories
• Jet color chemistry and anomalous baryon production in $AA$-collisions
• Testing AdS/CFT Drag and pQCD Heavy Quark Energy Loss
• Tidal stretching of gravitons into classical strings: application to jet quenching with AdS/CFT
• Out of Medium Fragmentation from Long-Lived Jet Showers
• Jet quenching via jet collimation
• The contribution of medium-modified color flow to jet quenching
• Some new results for "jet" stopping in AdS/CFT
• Sensitivity of Azimuthal Jet Tomography to Early Time Energy-Loss at RHIC and LHC

Cited by in corpus (141)

• Heavy Ion Collisions: The Big Picture, and the Big Questions
• Charged-particle nuclear modification factors in PbPb and pPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV
• Measurement of inclusive jet charged-particle fragmentation functions in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Jet quenching and medium response in high-energy heavy-ion collisions: a review
• Heavy quarks and jets as probes of the QGP
• Full jet in quark-gluon plasma with hydrodynamic medium response
• Angular Structure of Jet Quenching Within a Hybrid Strong/Weak Coupling Model
• Determining the jet transport coefficient $\hat{q}$ from inclusive hadron suppression measurements using Bayesian parameter estimation
• Vacuum-like jet fragmentation in a dense QCD medium
• Event-by-event hydrodynamics $+$ jet energy loss: A solution to the $R_{AA}\otimes v_2$ puzzle
• Towards the understanding of jet shapes and cross sections in heavy ion collisions using soft-collinear effective theory
• Jet Quenching from QCD Evolution
• Interplaying mechanisms behind single inclusive jet suppression in heavy-ion collisions
• Multiple jets and $\gamma$-jet correlation in high-energy heavy-ion collisions
• Measurements of inclusive jet spectra in pp and central Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Groomed jets in heavy-ion collisions: sensitivity to medium-induced bremsstrahlung
• Exploring QCD matter in extreme conditions with Machine Learning
• Predictions for Boson-Jet Observables and Fragmentation Function Ratios from a Hybrid Strong/Weak Coupling Model for Jet Quenching
• Measurement of jet fragmentation in Pb+Pb and $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
• Interpreting Single Jet Measurements in Pb+Pb Collisions at the LHC
• Study of jet quenching with Z+jet correlations in PbPb and pp collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV
• The Present and Future of QCD
• Modification of Jet Substructure in Heavy Ion Collisions as a Probe of the Resolution Length of Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Nuclear modification of leading hadrons and jets within a virtuality ordered parton shower
• Measurement of transverse momentum relative to dijet systems in PbPb and pp collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 2.76 TeV
• Predicting parton energy loss in small collision systems
• Hot QCD Phase Diagram From Holographic Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton Models
• Evolution of the jet opening angle distribution in holographic plasma
• Study of jet quenching with isolated-photon+jet correlations in PbPb and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{\mathrm{NN}}}}=$ 5.02 TeV
• Acoplanarity of Lepton Pair to Probe the Electromagnetic Property of Quark Matter
• A Simultaneous Description of Hadron and Jet Suppression in Heavy Ion Collisions
• Paths to equilibrium in non-conformal collisions
• Jet suppression from small to intermediate to large radius
• Revisiting transverse momentum broadening in dense QCD media
• Cone size dependence of jet suppression in heavy-ion collisions
• Z+jet correlation with NLO-matched parton-shower and jet-medium interaction in high-energy nuclear collisions
• The JETSCAPE framework: p+p results
• Jet broadening in dense inhomogeneous matter
• Resolution Effects in the Hybrid Strong/Weak Coupling Model
• Dynamically groomed jet radius in heavy-ion collisions
• Fluctuating Heavy Quark Energy Loss in Strongly-Coupled Quark-Gluon Plasma
• Jet fragmentation functions in proton-proton collisions using soft-collinear effective theory
• Jet Wake from Linearized Hydrodynamics
• Molière Scattering in Quark-Gluon Plasma: Finding Point-Like Scatterers in a Liquid
• Early thermalization, hydrodynamics and energy loss in AdS/CFT
• Medium-induced radiative kernel with the Improved Opacity Expansion
• Parton energy loss and momentum broadening at NLO in high temperature QCD plasmas
• Diffusion of charm quarks in jets in high-energy heavy-ion collisions
• Overview of high-density QCD studies with the CMS experiment at the LHC
• Angular Momentum in QGP Holography
• Measurement of the radius dependence of charged-particle jet suppression in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
• Interplay between Mach cone and radial expansion and its signal in $\gamma$-jet events
• Disentangling Jet Modification in Jet Simulations and in Z+Jet Data
• Evolution of the Mean Jet Shape and Dijet Asymmetry Distribution of an Ensemble of Holographic Jets in Strongly Coupled Plasma
• Using Z boson events to study parton-medium interactions in PbPb collisions
• Holographic heavy ion collisions with baryon charge
• Jet Broadening in Flowing Matter -- Resummation
• Jet momentum broadening during initial stages in heavy-ion collisions
• Heavy ions at the Future Circular Collider
• Medium-induced fragmentation and equilibration of highly energetic partons
• Jet radiation in a longitudinally expanding medium
• Linear Boltzmann transport for jet propagation in the quark-gluon plasma: Inelastic processes and jet modification
• Jet-medium interaction and conformal relativistic fluid dynamics
• A semi-holographic model for heavy-ion collisions
• Transverse Momentum Broadening of a Jet in Quark-Gluon Plasma: An Open Quantum System EFT
• Jet Drift and Collective Flow in Heavy-Ion Collisions
• Quenching effects in the cumulative jet spectrum
• Studies of charm quark diffusion inside jets using PbPb and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV
• Effective Field Theory for jet substructure in heavy ion collisions
• Jet charge in high energy nuclear collisions
• A modified in-medium evolution equation with color coherence
• On jet structure in heavy ion collisions
• Multi-partonic medium induced cascades in expanding media
• Some Aspects of the Theory of Heavy Ion Collisions
• Mini-jet quenching in a concurrent jet+hydro evolution and the non-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma
• The JETSCAPE framework
• Fragmentation of jets containing a prompt J$/\psi$ meson in PbPb and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 5.02 TeV
• The medium-modified $g\to c\bar{c}$ splitting function in the BDMPS-Z formalism
• Drag force to all orders in gradients
• Predictions for the sPHENIX physics program
• Pushing forward jet substructure measurements in heavy-ion collisions
• Medium modifications of girth distributions for inclusive jets and $Z^0+\mathrm{jet}$ in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the LHC
• Observation of medium-induced yield enhancement and acoplanarity broadening of low-$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ jets from measurements in pp and central Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Strong-coupling Jet Energy Loss from AdS/CFT
• Measurements of jet quenching using semi-inclusive hadron+jet distributions in pp and central Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Solutions of evolution equations for medium-induced QCD cascades
• Hydrodynamic attractor of a hybrid viscous fluid in Bjorken flow
• Time evolution of a toy semiholographic glasma
• Hard jet substructure in a multistage approach
• Comparing the MARTINI and CUJET models for jet-quenching: Medium modification of jets and jet substructure
• Parton splitting scales of reclustered large-radius jets in high-energy nuclear collisions
• Parton energy loss in a hard-soft factorized approach
• Leading order, next-to-leading order, and non-perturbative parton collision kernels: effects in static and evolving media
• Minijet quenching in non-equilibrium quark-gluon plasma
• Probing the in-medium $P_T$-broadening by $\gamma$+HF angular de-correlations
• Strong- vs. weak-coupling pictures of jet quenching: a dry run using QED
• Medium induced QCD cascades: broadening and rescattering during branching
• Longitudinal momentum fraction of heavy-flavor mesons in jets in high-energy nuclear collisions
• Medium-Induced Transverse Momentum Broadening via Forward Dijet Correlations
• Jet substructure modification probes the QGP resolution length
• The global geometrical property of jet events in high-energy nuclear collisions
• Jet quenching within a hybrid strong/weak coupling approach
• Single top quark production in heavy ion collisions at the LHC
• Giving wake to energy-energy correlators: Hydrodynamic response on the celestial sphere
• Deciphering yield modification of hadron-triggered semi-inclusive recoil jets in heavy-ion collisions
• Jet evolution in a dense QCD medium
• System of evolution equations for quark and gluon jet quenching with broadening
• Jet modification via ${\pi }^0$-hadron correlations in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{{}_{NN}}}=200$ GeV
• Search for quasi-particle scattering in the quark-gluon plasma with jet splittings in pp and Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{{\text{s}}_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Observation of suppressed charged-particle production in ultrarelativistic oxygen-oxygen collisions
• Origins of the di-jet asymmetry in heavy ion collisions
• On the Evolution of Jet Energy and Opening Angle in Strongly Coupled Plasma
• Effective long distance $q\bar{q}$ potential in holographic RG flows
• Evidence of medium response to hard probes using correlations of Z bosons with hadrons in heavy ion collisions
• Jet substructure modification in a QGP from a multi-scale description of jet evolution with JETSCAPE
• Measurement of medium-induced acoplanarity in central Au-Au and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=200$ GeV using direct-photon+jet and ${\pi }^0$+jet correlations
• Holographic Wilsonian renormalization of a heavy quark moving through a strongly coupled plasma
• Measurement of the groomed jet radius and momentum splitting fraction in pp and Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02$ TeV
• Quenching of jets tagged with $W$ bosons in high-energy nuclear collisions
• Bottomonia Suppression in Heavy Ion Collisions from AdS/CFT
• Multi-stage jet evolution through QGP using the JETSCAPE framework: inclusive jets, correlations and leading hadrons
• Dynamical grooming at work: from p+p to Pb+Pb
• Hard Probes: After the dust has settled!
• Deep Learning for the Classification of Quenched Jets
• Inclusive jet measurements in pp and Pb-Pb collisions with ALICE
• Hadron productions and jet substructures associated with $Z^0/\gamma$ in Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC
• Jet-induced modifications of the characteristic of the bulk nuclear matter
• Observation of the jet diffusion wake using dijets in heavy ion collisions
• Disentangling Jet Modification
• Understanding wide jet suppression in data through the hybrid strong/weak coupling model
• Jet momentum reconstruction in the QGP background with machine learning
• A simultaneous understanding of jet and hadron suppression
• Emergence of thermal recoil jets in high-energy heavy-ion collisions
• Jet evolution in a quantum computer: quark and gluon dynamics
• Strongly Coupled Heavy and Light Quark Thermal Motion from AdS/CFT
• Effects of drag induced radiation and multi-stage evolution on heavy quark energy loss
• Semi-Holography for Heavy Ion Collisions: Self-Consistency and First Numerical Tests
• Boson-Jet Correlations in a Hybrid Strong/Weak Coupling Model for Jet Quenching in Heavy Ion Collisions
• Time Dependent $\hat{q}$ from AdS/CFT
• A modular perspective to the jet suppression from a small to large radius in very high transverse momentum jets
• Studying the QGP with Jets at the LHC and RHIC