High Precision Measurements Using High Frequency Signals

Abstract

Generalized lock-in amplifiers use digital cavities with Q-factors as high as 5X10^8. In this letter, we show that generalized lock-in amplifiers can be used to analyze microwave (giga-hertz) signals with a precision of few tens of hertz. We propose that the physical changes in the medium of propagation can be measured precisely by the ultra-high precision measurement of the signal. We provide evidence to our proposition by verifying the Newton's law of cooling by measuring the effect of change in temperature on the phase and amplitude of the signals propagating through two calibrated cables. The technique could be used to precisely measure different physical properties of the propagation medium, for example length, resistance, etc. Real time implementation of the technique can open up new methodologies of in-situ virtual metrology in material design.

References in corpus (3)

• Generalized lock-in amplifier for precision measurement of high frequency signals
• Digital Cavities and Their Potential Applications
• High Precision Measurements Using High Frequency Signals

Cited by in corpus (4)

• The nature of relaxation processes revealed by the action signals of phase modulated light fields
• High Precision Measurements Using High Frequency Signals
• Isolation of coherent and incoherent nonlinear spectroscopic signals by phase modulation
• Fluorescence-detected Fourier transform electronic spectroscopy by phase-tagged photon counting