Quantum Hacking on Quantum Key Distribution using Homodyne Detection

Abstract

Imperfect devices in commercial quantum key distribution systems open security loopholes that an eavesdropper may exploit. An example of one such imperfection is the wavelength dependent coupling ratio of the fiber beam splitter. Utilizing this loophole, the eavesdropper can vary the transmittances of the fiber beam splitter at the receiver's side by inserting lights with wavelengths different from what is normally used. Here, we propose a wavelength attack on a practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution system using homodyne detection. By inserting light pulses at different wavelengths, this attack allows the eavesdropper to bias the shot noise estimation even if it is done in real time. Based on experimental data, we discuss the feasibility of this attack and suggest a prevention scheme by improving the previously proposed countermeasures.

8 pages, 3 figures. PRA accepted

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• Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution with Gaussian Modulation -- The Theory of Practical Implementations
• Distributing Secret Keys with Quantum Continuous Variables: Principle, Security and Implementations
• Generating the local oscillator "locally" in continuous-variable quantum key distribution based on coherent detection
• Long-distance quantum key distribution secure against coherent attacks
• Quantum hacking: saturation attack on practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution
• Trusted Noise in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution: a Threat and a Defense
• Homodyne-detector-blinding attack in continuous-variable quantum key distribution
• Gaussian-modulated coherent-state measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution
• Attacks on practical quantum key distribution systems (and how to prevent them)
• Continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with photon subtraction
• Noise analysis of simultaneous quantum key distribution and classical communication scheme using a true local oscillator
• Robust Shot Noise Measurement for Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution
• Phase Noise Model for Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution Using a Local Local Oscillator
• Feasibility Assessment For Practical Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution Over The Satellite-to-Earth Channel
• Noiseless Linear Amplifiers in Entanglement-Based Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution
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• Practical security analysis of a continuous-variable quantum random number generator with a noisy local oscillator
• An eavesdropping attack on a trusted continuous-variable quantum random number generator
• Continuous-variable quantum communication
• Discrete-variable quantum key distribution with homodyne detection
• Phase self-aligned continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution
• Hacking Alice's box in CV-QKD
• Mitigation of Channel Tampering Attacks in Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution
• Quantum communication with macroscopically bright nonclassical states
• Use of a Local Local Oscillator for the Satellite-to-Earth Channel
• An Overview of the State of the Art for Practical Quantum Key Distribution
• Strengthening practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution systems against measurement angular error
• Teleportation-Based Continuous Variable Quantum Cryptography
• Asymmetry effects in homodyne and heterodyne measurements: Positive operator-valued measures and asymptotic security of Gaussian-continuous-variable quantum key distribution