A "fair sampling" perspective on an apparent violation of duality

Abstract

In the event in which a quantum mechanical particle can pass from an initial state to a final state along two possible paths, the duality principle states that "the simultaneous observation of wave and particle behavior is prohibited". [M. O. Scully, B.-G. Englert, and H. Walther. Nature, 351:111-116, 1991.] emphasized the importance of additional degrees of freedom in the context of complementarity. In this paper, we show how the consequences of duality change when allowing for biased sampling, that is, postselected measurements on specific degrees of freedom of the environment of the two-path state. Our work contributes to the explanation of previous experimental apparent violations of duality [R. Menzel, D. Puhlmann, A. Heuer, and W. P. Schleich. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 109(24):9314-9319, 2012.] and opens up the way for novel experimental tests of duality.

10 pages, 8 figures

References in corpus (3)

• Bell inequality violation with two remote atomic qubits
• Is the Fair Sampling Assumption supported by EPR Experiments?
• Transverse Entanglement Migration in Hilbert Space

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• Determining complementary properties using weak-measurement: uncertainty, predictability, and disturbance
• Recovering full coherence in a qubit by measuring half of its environment
• Proposed experiments to clarify the real nature of the quantum waves
• Transverse distinguishability of entangled photons with arbitrarily shaped spatial near- and far-field distributions