A New Class of Complex Ejecta Resulting from the Interaction of two CMEs and its Expected Geoeffectiveness

Abstract

A significant portion of transients measured by spacecraft at 1 AU does not show the well-defined properties of magnetic clouds (MCs). Here, we propose a new class of complex, non-MC ejecta resulting from the interaction of two CMEs with different orientation, which differ from the previously studied multiple-MC event. At 1 AU, they are associated with a smooth rotation of the magnetic field vector over an extended duration and do not show clear signs of interaction. We determine the characteristics of such events based on a numerical simulation and identify and analyze a potential case in the long-duration CME measured in situ in 2001 March 19-22. Such events may result in intense, long-duration geo-magnetic storms, with sawtooth events, and may sometimes be misidentified as isolated CMEs.

arXiv commentAccepted to GRL; 5 pages, slightly different figures in print version

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• Quantitative model for the generic 3D shape of ICMEs at 1 AU
• Evolution of CME Properties in the Inner Heliosphere: Prediction for Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe
• Characteristics of events with metric-to-decahectometric type II radio bursts associated with CMEs and flares in relation to SEP events
• Lorentz Force Evolution Reveals the Energy Buildup Processes during Recurrent Eruptive Solar Flares
• Analysis of the Coronal Mass Ejections through Axial Field Direction of Solar Filaments and IMF Bz
• Magnetic Structure and Propagation of Two Interacting CMEs from the Sun to Saturn