paper

Soft X-ray emission in kink-unstable coronal loops

arXiv:1401.0916 · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201323358

Abstract

Solar flares are associated with intense soft X-ray emission generated by the hot flaring plasma. Kink unstable twisted flux-ropes provide a source of magnetic energy which can be released impulsively and account for the flare plasma heating. We compute the temporal evolution of the thermal X-ray emission in kink-unstable coronal loops using MHD simulations and discuss the results of with respect to solar flare observations. The model consists of a highly twisted loop embedded in a region of uniform and untwisted coronal magnetic field. We let the kink instability develop, compute the evolution of the plasma properties in the loop (density, temperature) without accounting for mass exchange with the chromosphere. We then deduce the X-ray emission properties of the plasma during the whole flaring episode. During the initial phase of the instability plasma heating is mostly adiabatic. Ohmic diffusion takes over as the instability saturates, leading to strong and impulsive heating (> 20 MK), to a quick enhancement of X-ray emission and to the hardening of the thermal X-ray spectrum. The temperature distribution of the plasma becomes broad, with the emission measure depending strongly on temperature. Significant emission measures arise for plasma at temperatures T > 9 MK. The magnetic flux-rope then relaxes progressively towards a lower energy state as it reconnects with the background flux. The loop plasma suffers smaller sporadic heating events but cools down conductively. The total thermal X-ray emission slowly fades away during this phase, and the high temperature component of emission measure distribution converges to the power-law distribution . The amount of twist deduced directly from the X-ray emission patterns is considerably lower than the maximum magnetic twist in the simulated flux-ropes.

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