Ionization rates in the heliosheath and in astrosheaths

Abstract

In the heliosphere, especially in the inner heliosheath, mass-, momentum-, and energy loading induced by the ionization of neutral interstellar species plays an important, but for some species, especially Helium, an underestimated role. We discuss the implementation of charge exchange and electron impact processes for interstellar neutral Hydrogen and Helium and their implications for further modeling. Especially, we emphasize the importance of electron impact and a more sophisticated numerical treatment of the charge exchange reactions. Moreover, we discuss the non-resonant charge exchange effects. The rate coefficients are discussed and the influence of the cross-sections in the (M)HD equations for different reactions are revised as well as their representation in the collision integrals. Electron impact is in some regions of the heliosphere, particularly in the heliotail, more effective than charge exchange, and the ionization of neutral interstellar Helium contributes about 40% to the mass- and momentum loading in the inner heliosheath. The charge exchange cross-sections need to be modeled with higher accuracy, especially in view of the latest developments in their description. The ionization of Helium and electron impact ionization of Hydrogen needs to be taken into account for the modeling of the heliosheath and, in general, astrosheaths. Moreover, the charge exchange cross-sections need to be handled in a more sophisticated way, either by developing better analytic approximations or by solving the collision integrals numerically.

18 pages, 9 Figures

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• Interstellar Neutral Gas Species And Their Pickup Ions Inside The Heliospheric Termination Shock. Ionization Rates For H, O, Ne, And He
• The return of the bow shock
• On the Diversity of M-Star Astrospheres and the Role of Galactic Cosmic Rays Within
• 3D MHD astrospheres: applications to IRC-10414 and Betelgeuse
• Shock structures of astrospheres
• Cosmic rays in astrospheres
• Helium Energetic Neutral Atoms from the Heliosphere: Perspectives for Future Observations
• Modeling the astrosphere of LHS~1140