Textured electronic states of the triangular lattice Hubbard model and Na${}_x$CoO${}_2$

Abstract

We show that geometric frustration and strong correlation in the triangular lattice Hubbard model lead a rich and novel phase structure of $\sqrt{3}\times \sqrt{3}$ spin-charge textured electronic states over a wide region of electron doping $0\le x\le 0.40$. In addition to the 120${}^{\circ }$ Néel ordered insulator at half-filling, we found a novel spin-charge ordered insulator at $x=1/3$ with collinear antiferromagnetic (AF) order on the underlying unfrustrated honeycomb lattice. Separating the two insulating phases is a Lifshitz transition between a noncollinear AF ordered metal and one with coexisting charge order. We obtain the phase diagram and the evolution of the Fermi surface (FS). Remarkably, the correlated ground states near $x=1/3$ emerges as doping the "1/3 AF insulator" by excess carriers, leading to electron and hole FS pockets with important implications for the cobaltate superconducting state.

5 pages, 5 figures. Final version, to be published in PRB

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