Conformal-Frame (In)dependence of Cosmological Observations in Scalar-Tensor Theory

Abstract

We provide the correspondence between the variables in the Jordan frame and those in the Einstein frame in scalar-tensor gravity and consider the frame-(in)dependence of the cosmological observables. In particular, we show that the cosmological observables/relations (redshift, luminosity distance, temperature anisotropies) are frame-independent. We also study the frame-dependence of curvature perturbations and find that the curvature perturbations are conformal invariant if the perturbation is adiabatic and the entropy perturbation between matter and the Brans-Dicke scalar is vanishing. The relation among various definitions of curvature perturbations in the both frames is also discussed, and the condition for the equivalence is clarified.

18 pages, v2: minor changes. published version

References in corpus (2)

• Einstein and Jordan frames reconciled: a frame-invariant approach to scalar-tensor cosmology
• Primordial Perturbations from Multifield Inflation with Nonminimal Couplings

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