Degenerate quantum gases of strontium

Abstract

Degenerate quantum gases of alkaline-earth-like elements open new opportunities in research areas ranging from molecular physics to the study of strongly correlated systems. These experiments exploit the rich electronic structure of these elements, which is markedly different from the one of other species for which quantum degeneracy has been attained. Specifically, alkaline-earth-like atoms, such as strontium, feature metastable triplet states, narrow intercombination lines, and a non-magnetic, closed-shell ground state. This review covers the creation of quantum degenerate gases of strontium and the first experiments performed with this new system. It focuses on laser-cooling and evaporation schemes, which enable the creation of Bose-Einstein condensates and degenerate Fermi gases of all strontium isotopes, and shows how they are used for the investigation of optical Feshbach resonances, the study of degenerate gases loaded into an optical lattice, as well as the coherent creation of Sr_2 molecules.

Review paper, 43 pages, 24 figures, 249 references

Cited by in corpus (18)

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• Alkaline earth atoms in optical tweezers
• Topological Quantum Optics in Two-Dimensional Atomic Arrays
• Robust encoding of a qubit in a molecule
• Phases of one-dimensional SU(N) cold atomic Fermi gases --from molecular Luttinger liquids to topological phases
• Realizing Su-Schrieffer-Heeger topological edge states in Rydberg-atom synthetic dimensions
• Thermodynamics of a deeply degenerate SU($N$)-symmetric Fermi gas
• Laser cooling for quantum gases
• Multi-ensemble metrology by programming local rotations with atom movements
• Lifetimes of ultra-long-range strontium Rydberg molecules
• Universal thermodynamics of an SU($N$) Fermi-Hubbard Model
• High-precision spectroscopy of ultracold molecules in an optical lattice
• Collective modes of ultracold fermionic alkaline-earth gases with SU(N) symmetry
• A 3-photon process for producing a degenerate gas of metastable alkaline-earth atoms
• Engineering infinite-range SU($n$) interactions with spin-orbit-coupled fermions in an optical lattice
• Loss rates for high-$n$, $49\lesssim n\lesssim 150$, 5sns(${}^3$S${}_1$) Rydberg atoms excited in an ${}^{84}$Sr Bose-Einstein condensate
• Creation of vibrationally-excited ultralong-range Rydberg molecules in polarized and unpolarized cold gases of ${}^{87}$Sr
• Turquoise Magic Wavelength of the ${}^{87}$Sr Clock Transition