Radiation driven outflow in active galactic nuclei: the feedback effects of scattered and reprocessed photons

Abstract

We perform time-dependent, 2DHD numerical simulations to study the dynamics of a slowly rotating accretion flow from sub-pc to pc scales under the irradiation from the central AGN. Compared to previous work, we improve the calculation of the radiative force due to X-rays. More importantly, in addition to radiative pressure and radiative heating/cooling directly from the central AGN, in the momentum equation we also include the force due to the scattered and reprocessed photons. We find that the accretion flow properties change significantly due to this "re-radiation" effect. The inflow rate at the inner boundary is reduced, while the outflow rate at the outer boundary is enhanced by about one order of magnitude. This effect is more significant when the density at the outer boundary is higher. The properties of outflows such as velocity, momentum and energy fluxes, and the ratio of outflow rate and the accretion rate, are calculated. We find that the efficiency of transferring the radiation power into the kinetic power of outflow is typically $10^{-3}$, far below the value of $\sim 0.05$ which is assumed in some cosmological simulations. The effect of the temperature of the gas at the outer boundary ($T_0$) is investigated. When $T_0$ is high, the emitted luminosity of the accretion flow oscillates. This is because in this case the gas around the Bondi radius can be more easily heated to be above the virial temperature due to its high internal energy. Another question we hope to address is the so-called "sub-Eddington" puzzle. Observationally, the luminosity of almost all AGNs are sub-Eddington, while theoretically the luminosity of an accretion flow can easily be super-Eddington. We find that even when the re-radiation effect is included and outflow does become much stronger, the luminosity, while reduced, can still be super-Eddington.

16 pages, 7 figures, accepted by MNRAS

References in corpus (16)

• A Semi-Analytic Model for the Co-evolution of Galaxies, Black Holes, and Active Galactic Nuclei
• The magnetic nature of disk accretion onto black holes
• Numerical Simulation of Hot Accretion Flows (II): Nature, Origin, and Properties of Outflow and Their Possible Observational Applications
• Local Study of Accretion Disks with a Strong Vertical Magnetic Field: Magnetorotational Instability and Disk Outflow
• Numerical Simulation of Hot Accretion Flows (I): A Large Radial Dynamical Range and the Density Profile of Accretion Flow
• Radiative and Momentum Based Mechanical AGN Feedback in a 3-Dimensional Galaxy Evolution Code
• Feedback-regulated star formation in molecular clouds and galactic discs
• The Accretion Disk Wind in the Black Hole GRO J1655-40
• The Demographics of Broad Line Quasars in the Mass-Luminosity Plane II. Black Hole Mass and Eddington Ratio Functions
• Feedback from central black holes in elliptical galaxies. I: models with either radiative or mechanical feedback but not both
• Rotating Accretion Flows: From Infinity to the Black Hole
• Tombaugh 2: The First Open Cluster with a Significant Abundance Spread or Embedded in a Cold Stellar Stream?
• Dynamics of Rotating Accretion Flows Irradiated by a Quasar
• Simultaneous Ultraviolet and X-ray Observations of the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 4151. II. Physical Conditions in the UV Absorbers
• On the role of initial and boundary conditions in numerical simulations of accretion flows
• Global Compton heating and cooling in hot accretion flows

Cited by in corpus (21)

• Hot Accretion Flows Around Black Holes
• The MAGNUM survey: different gas properties in the outflowing and disk components in nearby active galaxies with MUSE
• The Coevolution of Supermassive Black Holes and Massive Galaxies at High Redshift
• Massive Compact Galaxies with High-Velocity Outflows: Morphological Analysis and Constraints on AGN Activity
• Thermal and radiative AGN feedback have a limited impact on star formation in high-redshift galaxies
• AGN feedback in an isolated elliptical galaxy: the effect of strong radiative feedback in the kinetic mode
• Two dimensional numerical simulations of Supercritical Accretion Flows revisited
• Correlations Between Black Holes and Host Galaxies in the Illustris and IllustrisTNG Simulations
• Ionized Gas Outflows in Low Excitation Radio Galaxies Are Radiation Driven
• Thermal wind from hot accretion flows at large radii
• Radiation-driven outflows in AGNs: Revisiting feedback effects of scattered and reprocessed photons
• Large-scale Dynamics of Winds Driven by Line Force from a Thin Accretion Disk
• What is the real accretion rate onto a black hole for low angular momentum accretion?
• Two-dimensional Inflow-Wind Solution of Hot Accretion Flow. I. Hydrodynamics
• Can warm absorbers be driven by ultra-fast outflows?
• The Effect of Accretion Environment at Large Radius on Hot Accretion Flows
• Connecting the radio AGN life cycle to feedback: Ionised gas is more disturbed in young radio AGN
• Effect of nuclear stars gravity on quasar radiation feedback on the parsec-scale
• Active galactic nuclei feedback at parsec scale
• Line Driven Winds from Variable Accretion Discs
• Gas flows in an Active galactic nuclei. I. Two-phase gas inflow