Multidimensionally-constrained relativistic mean field models and potential energy surfaces of actinide nuclei

Abstract

By breaking both the axial and the spatial reflection symmetries, we develop multidimensionally constrained relativistic mean field (MDC-RMF) models. The nuclear shape is assumed to be invariant under the reversion of $x$ and $y$ axes, i.e., the intrinsic symmetry group is $V_4$ and all shape degrees of freedom ${\beta }_{\lambda \mu }$ with even $\mu$, such as ${\beta }_{20}$, ${\beta }_{22}$, ${\beta }_{30}$, ${\beta }_{32}$, ${\beta }_{40}$, $\dots$, are included self-consistently. The Dirac wave functions are expanded in an axially deformed harmonic oscillator basis. The RMF functional can be one of the following four forms: the meson exchange or point-coupling nucleon interactions combined with the nonlinear or density-dependent couplings. The pairing effects are taken into account with the BCS approach. The 1-, 2-, and 3-D potential energy surfaces (PES's) of ${}^{240}$Pu are illustrated for numerical checks and for the study of the effect of the triaxiality on the fission barriers. Potential energy curves of even-even actinide nuclei around the first and second fission barriers are studied systematically. Besides the first ones, the second fission barriers in these nuclei are also lowered considerably by the triaxial deformation. This lowering effect is independent of the effective interactions used in the RMF functionals. Further discussions are made about different predictions on the effect of the triaxiality between the macroscopic-microscopic and MDC-RMF models, possible discontinuities on PES's from self-consistent approaches, and the restoration of broken symmetries. MDC-RMF models give reasonably good description of fission barriers of even-even actinide nuclei. It is important to include both the nonaxial and the reflection asymmetric shapes simultaneously for the study of PES's and fission barriers of actinide nuclei and of those in unknown mass regions such as, e.g., superheavy nuclei.

16 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables; version published in Phys. Rec. C; due to the limitation "The abstract field cannot be longer than 1,920 characters", the abstract appearing here is slightly shorter than that in the PDF file

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• Spectroscopy of quadrupole and octupole states in rare-earth nuclei from a Gogny force
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• The structural evolution in transitional nuclei of mass 80 $\le$ A $\le$ 132
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• Stability of the linear chain structure for ${}^{12}$C in covariant density functional theory on a 3D lattice
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• Time-dependent generator coordinate method study of mass-asymmetric fission of actinides
• Microscopic analysis of induced nuclear fission dynamics
• Three-dimensional mesh calculations for covariant density functional theory
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• New effective interactions for hypernuclei in density dependent relativistic mean field model
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• Influence of the tensor interaction on heavy-ion fusion cross sections
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• Microscopic study of higher-order deformation effects on the ground states of superheavy nuclei around ${}^{270}$Hs
• Extended time-dependent generator coordinate method study of induced fission (II): total kinetic energy distribution
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• Hyperheavy spherical and toroidal nuclei: the role of shell structure
• Microscopic model for the collective enhancement of nuclear level densities
• Fission barriers of two odd-neutron actinide nuclei taking into account the time-reversal symmetry breaking at the mean-field level
• Local variations of charge radii for nuclei with even $Z$ from 84 to 120
• Examining the stability of thermally fissile Th and U isotopes
• Impacts of hexadecapole deformations on the collective energy spectra of axially deformed nuclei
• Multi-dimensional constraint relativistic mean field model and applications in actinide and transfermium nuclei
• Resolving the spurious-state problem in the Dirac equation with finite difference method
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• Analytical description of the excited state phase transition to octupole deformed shape in alternating parity bands
• Global analysis of Skyrme forces with higher-order density dependence
• Microscopic description of hexadecapole collectivity in even-even rare-earth nuclei near $N=90$
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• Influence of binding energies of electrons on nuclear mass predictions
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• Fission barriers with Weizsäcker-Skyrme mass model
• Neck configuration of Cm and Cf nuclei in the fission state within relativistic mean field formalism
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