Asymmetric Illumination of a Circumbinary Disk in the Presence of a Low-Mass Companion

Abstract

The model of an young star with a protoplanetary disk and a low-mass companion, which is moving on a circular orbit, inclined to the disk plane, is considered. The hydrodynamic models of such a system were calculated by SPH method. It was shown the distortions in the disk, caused by the orbital motion of the companion, lead to the strong dependence of illumination conditions of the disk on the azimuth (because of extinction between the star and the disk surface) and, therefore, it leads to the appearance of large-scale asymmetry in images of disks. The calculations showed the dependence of the illumination on the azimuth was stronger in the central part of the disk than on the periphery. Bright and dark domains are located not symmetry with respect to the line of nodes. The sizes and locations of the domains are depended on the model parameters as well as on the phase of the orbital period. The bright and dark domains do not follow the companion, but they make small amplitude oscillations with respect to some direction. The properties of the model, which were written above, open new opportunities of searching low-mass companions in the vicinity of young stars. The stars with protoplanetary disks, which are observed face-on or under the small inclination angle i, are the best ones for this purpose.

18 pages, 12 figures

References in corpus (6)

• On the Spin-Orbit Misalignment of the XO-3 Exoplanetary System
• Disks around CQ Tau and MWC 758: dense PDR or gas dispersal?
• The HD 163296 Circumstellar Disk in Scattered Light: Evidence of Time-Variable Self-Shadowing
• Hydrodynamic Processes in Young Binary Systems as a Source of Cyclic Variations of Circumstellar Extinction
• Brightness Oscillations in Models of Young Binary Systems with Low-Mass Secondary Components
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• Simulation of the Free Fall of a Gas Stream on a Protoplanetary Disk
• Jet from the enigmatic high-latitude star BP Psc and evolutionary status of its driving source