New Primary Mechanisms for the Synthesis of Rare 9Be in Early Supernovae

Abstract

We present two new primary mechanisms for the synthesis of the rare nucleus 9Be, both triggered by nu-induced production of 3H followed by 4He(3H,gamma)7Li in the He shells of core-collapse supernovae. For progenitors of ~8M_sun, 7Li(3H,n_0)9Be occurs during the rapid expansion of the shocked He shell. Alternatively, for ultra-metal-poor progenitors of ~11-15M_sun, 7Li(n,gamma)8Li(n,gamma)9Li(e^-anti-nu_e)9Be occurs with neutrons produced by 4He(anti-nu_e,e^+n)3H, assuming a hard effective anti-nu_e spectrum from oscillations (which also leads to heavy element production through rapid neutron capture) and a weak explosion (so the 9Be survives shock passage). We discuss the associated production of 7Li and 11B, noting patterns in LiBeB production that might distinguish the new mechanisms from others.

5 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Physical Review Letters

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• Effects of neutrino oscillations on nucleosynthesis and neutrino signals for an 18 M supernova model
• Particle acceleration by supernova shocks and spallogenic nucleosynthesis of light elements
• Neutrinos and nucleosynthesis of elements
• Constraining $\nu$-Process Production of Fluorine through Cosmic Ray Nucleosynthesis
• Effects of nonlocality of nuclear potentials on direct capture reactions
• Neutrino-Induced Nucleosynthesis in Helium Shells of Early Core-Collapse Supernovae
• Diverse, massive-star-associated sources for elements heavier than Fe and the roles of neutrinos