Observable Vortex Properties in Finite Temperature Bose Gases

Abstract

We study the dynamics of vortices in finite temperature atomic Bose-Einstein condensates, focussing on decay rates, precession frequencies and core brightness, motivated by a recent experiment (Freilich et al. Science 329, 1182 (2010)) in which real-time dynamics of a single vortex was observed. Using the ZNG formalism based on a dissipative Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the condensate coupled to a semi-classical Boltzmann equation for the thermal cloud, we find a rapid nonlinear increase of both the decay rate and precession frequency with increasing temperatures. The increase, which is dominated by the dynamical condensate-thermal coupling is also dependent on the intrinsic thermal cloud collisional dynamics; the precession frequency also varies with the initial radial coordinate. The integrated thermal cloud density in the vortex core is for the most part independent of the position of the vortex (except when it is near the condensate edge) with its value increasing with temperature. This could potentially be used as a variant to the method of Coddington et al. (Phys. Rev. A 70, 063607 (2004)) for experimentally determining the temperature.

10 pages, 11 figures

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Cited by in corpus (5)

• Generation and Decay of Two-Dimensional Quantum Turbulence in a Trapped Bose-Einstein Condensate
• Vortex reconnections in atomic condensates at finite temperature
• Evaporative cooling of cold atoms at surfaces
• Dynamics of the corotating vortices in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of dissipation
• Macroscopic excitations in confined Bose-Einstein condensates, searching for quantum turbulence