Finite-temperature dynamics of a single vortex in a Bose-Einstein condensate: Equilibrium precession and rotational symmetry breaking
arXiv:0908.2551 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.80.053624
Abstract
We consider a finite-temperature Bose-Einstein condensate in a quasi-two-dimensional trap containing a single precessing vortex. We find that such a configuration arises naturally as an ergodic equilibrium of the projected Gross-Pitaevskii equation, when constrained to a finite conserved angular momentum. In an isotropic trapping potential the condensation of the classical field into an off-axis vortex state breaks the rotational symmetry of the system. We present a methodology to identify the condensate and the Goldstone mode associated with the broken rotational symmetry in the classical-field model. We also examine the variation in vortex trajectories and thermodynamic parameters of the field as the energy of the microcanonical field simulation is varied.
21 pages, 10 figures. v2: Minor changes and corrections to figures and text. To appear in PRA
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