Time dependent impurity in ultracold fermions: orthogonality catastrophe and beyond
arXiv:1206.4962 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.2.041020
Abstract
Recent experimental realization of strongly imbalanced mixtures of ultracold atoms opens new possibilities for studying impurity dynamics in a controlled setting. We discuss how the techniques of atomic physics can be used to explore new regimes and manifestations of Anderson's orthogonality catastrophe (OC), which could not be accessed in solid state systems. We consider a system of impurity atoms localized by a strong optical lattice potential and immersed in a sea of itinerant Fermi atoms. Ramsey interference experiments with impurity atoms probe OC in the time domain, while radio-frequency (RF) spectroscopy probes OC in the frequency domain. The OC in such systems is universal for all times and is determined by the impurity scattering length and Fermi wave vector of itinerant fermions. We calculate the universal Ramsey response and RF absorption spectra. In addition to the standard power-law contribution, which corresponds to the excitation of multiple particle-hole pairs near the Fermi surface, we identify a novel contribution to OC that comes from exciting one extra particle from the bottom of the itinerant band. This gives rise to a non-analytic feature in the RF absorption spectra, which evolves into a true power-law singularity with universal exponent 1/4 at the unitarity. Furthermore, we discuss the manifestations of OC in spin-echo experiments, as well as in the energy counting statistic of the Fermi gas following a sudden quench of the impurity state. Finally, systems in which the itinerant fermions have two or more hyperfine states provide an even richer playground for studying non-equilibrium impurity physics, allowing one to explore non-equilibrium OC and to simulate quantum transport through nano-structures. This provides a useful connection between cold atomic systems and mesoscopic quantum transport.
15 pages, 7 figures
References in corpus (42)
- Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
- Single-Atom Resolved Fluorescence Imaging of an Atomic Mott Insulator
- Nonlinear atom interferometer surpasses classical precision limit
- Spontaneous symmetry breaking in a quenched ferromagnetic spinor Bose condensate
- Matter-wave interferometry in a double well on an atom chip
- Non-equilibrium coherence dynamics in one-dimensional Bose gases
- Single-Spin Addressing in an Atomic Mott Insulator
- Time-resolved Observation and Control of Superexchange Interactions with Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices
- Observation of Fermi Polarons in a Tunable Fermi Liquid of Ultracold Atoms
- Spatial quantum noise interferometry in expanding ultracold atom clouds
- Attractive and repulsive Fermi polarons in two dimensions
- Generalized Virial Theorem and Pressure Relation for a strongly correlated Fermi gas
- The Equation of State of a Low-Temperature Fermi Gas with Tunable Interactions
- The Statistics of the Work Done on a Quantum Critical System by Quenching a Control Parameter
- Exploring an ultracold Fermi-Fermi mixture: Interspecies Feshbach resonances and scattering properties of 6Li and 40K
- Bose-Fermi Mixtures in a Three-dimensional Optical Lattice
- Exact Relations for a Strongly-interacting Fermi Gas from the Operator Product Expansion
- Localization of bosonic atoms by fermionic impurities in a 3d optical lattice
- Deformation of a Trapped Fermi Gas with Unequal Spin Populations
- Verification of universal relations in a strongly interacting Fermi gas
- Universal theory of nonlinear Luttinger liquids
- Quantum degenerate two-species Fermi-Fermi mixture coexisting with a Bose-Einstein condensate
- Superfluid behaviour of a two-dimensional Bose gas
- Number of closed-channel molecules in the BEC-BCS crossover
- Universal Properties of the Ultra-Cold Fermi Gas
- Dynamic response of one-dimensional interacting fermions
- Role of interactions in 87Rb-40K Bose-Fermi mixtures in a 3d optical lattice
- Exact edge singularities and dynamical correlations in spin-1/2 chains
- Universal Relations for Identical Bosons from 3-Body Physics
- Quantum Spin Dynamics of Mode-Squeezed Luttinger Liquids in Two-Component Atomic Gases
- All-Optical Formation of Quantum Degenerate Mixtures
- Control of the interaction in a Fermi-Bose mixture
- Spectral function of spinless fermions on a one-dimensional lattice
- Phenomenology of One-Dimensional Quantum Liquids Beyond the Low-Energy Limit
- Double-degenerate Bose-Fermi mixture of strontium
- Exact Relations for a Strongly-interacting Fermi Gas near a Feshbach Resonance
- Coherent multi-flavour spin dynamics in a fermionic quantum gas
- Confinement-induced p-wave resonances from s-wave interactions
- Bound states of a localized magnetic impurity in a superfluid of paired ultracold fermions
- Universal energy distribution of quasi-particles emitted in a local time dependent quench
- Fermi Edge Singularities in the Mesoscopic Regime: I. Anderson Orthogonality Catastrophe
- Fermi-edge singularity in the vicinity of the resonant scattering condition
Cited by in corpus (14)
- Repulsive Fermi polarons in a resonant mixture of ultracold Li atoms
- Interferometric probes of many-body localization
- Two and Three-body Contacts in the Unitary Bose Gas
- Quenching small quantum gases: Genesis of the orthogonality catastrophe
- Quantum Brownian Motion with Inhomogeneous Damping and Diffusion
- Generalized Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov Description of the Frohlich Polaron
- Universal nonequilibrium signatures of Majorana zero modes in quench dynamics
- Probing the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of two interacting atoms
- Many-body effects of a two-dimensional electron gas on trion-polaritons
- Probing the dynamic structure factor of a neutral Fermi superfluid along the BCS-BEC crossover using atomic impurity qubits
- Single particle polariton properties in doped quantum well microcavities: role of the Fermi edge singularity and Anderson orthogonality catastrophe
- Escort distribution function of work done and diagonal entropies in quenched Luttinger liquids
- Periodically-driven Kondo impurity in nonequilibrium steady states
- Mobile Impurities and Orthogonality Catastrophe in two-dimensional Vortex Lattices