Q-ball formation at the deconfinement temperature in large-$N_c$ QCD

Abstract

The deconfinement phase transition in large-$N_c$ QCD is studied within the framework of an effective Polyakov-loop model, where the potential has a U(1) symmetry originating in the large-$N_c$ limit of a Z${}_{N_c}$-symmetric model. At the critical temperature, the shape of the effective potential allows the existence of Q-balls as position-dependent fluctuations of the Polyakov loop. Q-balls with spherical or axial symmetry are numerically obtained from the equations of motion of the effective model under consideration. The physical properties of these non-topological solitons (mass, charge and size) are discussed, as well as their interpretation in terms of spinning "bubbles", with various shapes, of deconfined matter surrounded by a confined environment.

21 pages, 8 figures ; v2 matches the published version

References in corpus (5)

• Renormalized Polyakov loops in many representations
• On the Nature of the Phase Transition in SU(N), Sp(2) and E(7) Yang-Mills theory
• Spinning Supersymmetric Q-balls
• Simulation of Z(3) walls and string production via bubble nucleation in a quark-hadron transition
• Spinning Q-balls in the complex signum-Gordon model

Cited by in corpus (2)

• $Z_N$-balls: Solitons from $Z_N$-symmetric scalar field theory
• Understanding the Quantized Angular Momentum of Rotating Q-balls