Discovery of Multiple Shells Around the Planetary Nebula IC 418

Abstract

We have analysed optical, near-, and mid-IR images of the bright planetary nebula (PN) IC 418. These images probe unambiguously for the first time a number of low surface brightness structures and shells around the bright main nebula, including radial filaments or rays, a system of three concentric rings, and two detached haloes with sizes ~ 150" and 220"\times250", respectively. The main nebula is slightly off-centered with respect to the elliptical outer halo. The time-lapse between the two haloes is 10,000-50,000 yr, whereas the time-lapse between the three concentric rings is ~ 630 yr. We emphasize the advantages of near- and mid-IR imaging for the detection of faint structures and shells around optically bright nebulae.

9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

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• The ionization structure of multiple shell planetary nebulae: I. NGC 2438
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• Morpho-kinematics of the planetary nebula NGC 3242: an analysis beyond its multiple-shell structure
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