Structure factors in granular experiments with homogeneous fluidization
arXiv:1112.2753 · doi:10.1063/1.3673876
Abstract
Velocity and density structure factors are measured over a hydrodynamic range of scales in a horizontal quasi-2d fluidized granular experiment, with packing fractions . The fluidization is realized by vertically vibrating a rough plate, on top of which particles perform a Brownian-like horizontal motion in addition to inelastic collisions. On one hand, the density structure factor is equal to that of elastic hard spheres, except in the limit of large length-scales, as it occurs in the presence of an effective interaction. On the other hand, the velocity field shows a more complex structure which is a genuine expression of a non-equilibrium steady state and which can be compared to a recent fluctuating hydrodynamic theory with non-equilibrium noise. The temporal decay of velocity modes autocorrelations is compatible with linear hydrodynamic equations with rates dictated by viscous momentum diffusion, corrected by a typical interaction time with the thermostat. Equal-time velocity structure factors display a peculiar shape with a plateau at large length-scales and another one at small scales, marking two different temperatures: the "bath" temperature , depending on shaking parameters, and the "granular" temperature , which is affected by collisions. The two ranges of scales are separated by a correlation length which grows with , after proper rescaling with the mean free path.
32 pages, 16 figures, to be published on J. Chem. Phys
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