Electric field control of nonvolatile four-state magnetization at room temperature

Abstract

We find the realization of large converse magnetoelectric (ME) effects at room temperature in a multiferroic hexaferrite Ba${}_{0.52}$Sr${}_{2.48}$Co${}_2$Fe${}_{24}$O${}_{41}$ single crystal, in which rapid change of electric polarization in low magnetic fields (about 5 mT) is coined to a large ME susceptibility of 3200 ps/m. The modulation of magnetization then reaches up to 0.62 $\mu$${}_B$/f.u. in an electric field of 1.14 MV/m. We find further that four ME states induced by different ME poling exhibit unique, nonvolatile magnetization versus electric field curves, which can be approximately described by an effective free energy with a distinct set of ME coefficients.

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• Role of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in multiferroic perovskites
• Realization of giant magnetoelectricity in helimagnets
• Quantitative determination of anisotropic magnetoelectric coupling in BiFeO${}_3$-CoFe${}_2$O${}_4$ nanostructures

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