Demographic noise can lead to the spontaneous formation of species
arXiv:1111.1152 · doi:10.1209/0295-5075/97/40008
Abstract
When a collection of phenotypically diverse organisms compete with each other for limited resources, with competition being strongest amongst the most similar, the population can evolve into tightly localised clusters. This process can be thought of as a simple model of the emergence of species. Past studies have neglected the effects of demographic noise and studied the population on a macroscopic scale, where species formation is found to depend upon the shape of the curve describing the decline of competition strength with phenotypic distance. In the following, we will show how including the effects of demographic noise leads to a radically different conclusion. Two situations are identified: a weak-noise regime in which the population exhibits patterns of fluctuation around the macroscopic description, and a strong-noise regime where species appear spontaneously even in the case that all organisms have equal fitness.
References in corpus (2)
Cited by in corpus (23)
- Properties of equilibria and glassy phases of the random Lotka-Volterra model with demographic noise
- Environmental vs. demographic variability in two-species predator-prey models
- Noise-induced metastability in biochemical networks
- Impact of environmental colored noise in single-species population dynamics
- Stochastic dynamics on slow manifolds
- Stochastic oscillations of adaptive networks: application to epidemic modelling
- Spontaneous genetic clustering in populations of competing organisms
- Demographic noise and resilience in a semi-arid ecosystem model
- Effects of intraspecific cooperative interactions in large ecosystems
- Clustering determines the survivor for competing Brownian and Lévy walkers
- Demographic noise and piecewise deterministic Markov processes
- Demographic noise can promote abrupt transitions in ecological systems
- A framework for analyzing ecological trait-based models in multi-dimensional niche spaces
- A stochastic field theory for the evolution of quantitative traits in finite populations
- Environmental vs demographic variability in stochastic predator-prey models
- Front Propagation and Clustering in the Stochastic Nonlocal Fisher Equation
- Modes of competition and the fitness of evolved populations
- Trait-space patterning and the role of feedback in antigen-immunity coevolution
- Quasi-Ergodicity of Transient Patterns in Stochastic Reaction-Diffusion Equations
- Stochastic Thermodynamics of Non-reciprocally Interacting Particles and Fields
- The role of demographic stochasticity in a speciation model with sexual reproduction
- Computation of random time-shift distributions for stochastic population models
- Stochastic drift in discrete waves of non-locally interacting-particles