The white dwarf cooling sequence of NGC 6791: a unique tool for stellar evolution

Abstract

NGC 6791 is a well-studied, metal-rich open cluster that is so close to us that can be imaged down to luminosities fainter than that of the termination of its white dwarf cooling sequence, thus allowing for an in-depth study of its white dwarf population. We use a Monte Carlo simulator that employs up-to-date evolutionary cooling sequences for white dwarfs with hydrogen-rich and hydrogen-deficient atmospheres, with carbon-oxygen and helium cores. The cooling sequences for carbon-oxygen cores account for the delays introduced by both Ne^22 sedimentation in the liquid phase and by carbon-oxygen phase separation upon crystallization. We do not find evidence for a substantial fraction of helium-core white dwarfs, and hence our results support the suggestion that the origin of the bright peak of the white dwarf luminosity function can only be attributed to a population of unresolved binary white dwarfs. Moreover, our results indicate that the number distribution of secondary masses of the population of unresolved binaries has to increase with increasing mass ratio between the secondary and primary components of the progenitor system. We also find that the observed cooling sequence appears to be able to constrain the presence of progenitor sub-populations with different chemical compositions and the fraction of non-DA white dwarfs. Our simulations place interesting constraints on important characteristics of the stellar populations of NGC 6791. In particular, we find that the fraction of single helium-core white dwarfs must be smaller than 5%, that a sub-population of stars with zero metallicity must be <12%, while if the adopted metallicity of the sub-population is solar the upper limit is ~8%. Finally, we also find that the fraction of non-DA white dwarfs in this particular cluster is surprinsingly small <6%.

9 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

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Cited by in corpus (11)

• Astromaterial Science and Nuclear Pasta
• The white dwarf luminosity function
• On the evolution of rotating accreting white dwarfs and type Ia supernovae
• The white dwarf population of NGC 6397
• The origin of single low-mass WDs: another problem that consequential angular momentum loss in CVs might solve
• Hubble Space Telescope observations of the Kepler-field cluster NGC 6819. I. The bottom of the white dwarf cooling sequence
• Direct MD simulation of liquid-solid phase equilibria for three-component plasma
• Direct MD simulation of liquid-solid phase equilibria for two-component plasmas
• The Kepler IRIS Catalog: Image subtraction light curves for 9,150 stars in and around the open clusters NGC 6791 and NGC 6819
• Time-series spectroscopy of two candidate double degenerates in the open cluster NGC 6633
• Neutron Star Crust and Molecular Dynamics Simulation