The diamond Nitrogen-Vacancy center as a probe of random fluctuations in a nuclear spin ensemble

Abstract

New schemes that exploit the unique properties of Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are presently being explored as a platform for high-resolution magnetic sensing. Here we focus on the ability of a NV center to monitor an adjacent mesoscopic nuclear spin bath. For this purpose, we conduct comparative experiments where the NV spin evolves under the influence of surrounding 13C nuclei or, alternatively, in the presence of asynchronous AC fields engineered to emulate bath fluctuations. Our study reveals substantial differences that underscore the limitations of the semi-classical picture when interpreting and predicting the outcome of experiments designed to probe small nuclear spin ensembles. In particular, our study elucidates the NV center response to bath fluctuations under common pulse sequences, and explores a detection protocol designed to probe time correlations of the nuclear spin bath dynamics. Further, we show that the presence of macroscopic nuclear spin order is key to the emergence of semi-classical spin magnetometry.

30 pages, 4 figures

References in corpus (9)

• Scanning magnetic field microscope with a diamond single-spin sensor
• High sensitivity magnetic imaging using an array of spins in diamond
• Strongly enhanced photon collection from diamond defect centres under micro-fabricated integrated solid immersion lenses
• Single-spin magnetometry with multi-pulse sensing sequences
• Electron spin decoherence of single Nitrogen-Vacancy defects in diamond
• Integrated Diamond Optics for Single Photon Detection
• Coherence and control of quantum registers based on electronic spin in a nuclear spin bath
• Imaging mesoscopic nuclear spin noise with a diamond magnetometer
• Coherence of an optically illuminated single nuclear spin qubit

Cited by in corpus (20)

• Cavity Optomechanical Magnetometer
• High-Resolution Correlation Spectroscopy of 13C Spins Near a Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond
• Controlling the quantum dynamics of a mesoscopic spin bath in diamond
• Detecting External Electron Spins Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers
• Microwave saturation spectroscopy of nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond
• Towards chemical structure resolution with nanoscale nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
• Determination of the Position of a Single Nuclear Spin from Free Nuclear Precessions Detected by a Solid-State Quantum Sensor
• Persistent dark states in anisotropic central spin models
• Rotating frame spin dynamics of a Nitrogen-Vacancy center in a diamond nanocrystal
• Quantum spectroscopy of single spins assisted by a classical clock
• Superconducting microresonators for electron spin resonance, the good, the bad, and the future
• Strong-coupling emergence of dark states in XX central spin models
• An efficient and low-cost method to create high-density nitrogen-vacancy centers in CVD diamond for sensing applications
• Influence of dynamical decoupling sequences with finite-width pulses on quantum sensing for AC magnetometry
• Robust Detection of High-Frequency Signals at the Nanoscale
• Quantum control and sensing of nuclear spins by electron spins under power limitations
• Quantum simulation of the central spin model with a Rydberg atom and polar molecules in optical tweezers
• Magnetic Relaxometry of Methemoglobin by Widefield Nitrogen-Vacancy Microscopy
• Investigation and comparison of measurement schemes in the low frequency biosensing regime using solid-state defect centers
• Quantum refrigerator embedded in spin-star environments: Scalings of temperature and refrigeration time